The invention discloses a TiO2 nuclear shell structure nano rod array coated with carbon bed, the core of the nano rod is TiO2 nano rod, the diameter thereof is 20-100nm, the shell thereof is the carbon bed, the thickness thereof is 2-10nm. The preparation method has the following steps: a) under the condition of solvent heat condition, interface reaction of non-polar solvent / hydrophilic matrix is employed to prepare the TiO2 nano rod with surface modified by oleic acid; b) with the protection of inert gas, warming calcination is carried out to obtain the TiO2 nuclear shell structure nano rodcoated with carbon bed. The invention has the following beneficial effects: under the condition of solvent heat condition, interface reaction of non-polar solvent / hydrophilic matrix is employed to prepare the TiO2 nano rod with surface modified by oleic acid, then warming calcination is carried out to carbonize oleic acid on the surface to prepare the TiO2 nuclear shell structure nano rod array coated with carbon bed, with such steps, the invention features simple process and low cost, can prepare a large area of TiO2 nano rod array; in addition, the nano rod array features good crystallization performance, large specific surface area, is beneficial to improving charge capacity of the dye, adsorption to pollutants, charge separation of a photoproduction current carrier and increasing quantum yield, thus being capable of being widely applied to fields such as photocatalysis and O / E conversion.