The invention discloses a gas-dissolved-in-vegetable-insulating-oil analyzer with an oil-gas separation function and a detecting method. The gas-dissolved-in-vegetable-insulating-oil analyzer with the oil-gas separation function and the detecting method are characterized in that helium serves as carrier gas, and the vacuum degassing and minitype thermal conductance chromatographic instrument combined technology is utilized for analyzing hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, methane, ethylene, ethane, dimethylmethane and acetylene in vegetable insulating oil. A four-chromatographic-column analysis system is adopted, a valve is utilized for column switching, gas pump circulating gas is adopted for sample introduction, all samples enter a chromatographic column A at a time, meanwhile, a chromatographic column B and a chromatographic column D are connected to the tail end of the chromatographic column A in series, and after hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, methane and carbon monoxide are exhausted, the original state of a ten-way valve is switched. Carbon dioxide, ethylene, acetylene, ethane and dimethylmethane firstly generate peaks on a channel A of a thermal conductivity detector, and hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, carbon monoxide and methane generate peaks on a channel B of the thermal conductivity detector. The instrument is high in sensitivity to the gas and suitable for being applied and popularized in smart power grids.