Provided in the present disclosure are a method and apparatus for determining a planetary lithospheric
magnetic field model coefficient. The method comprises: acquiring at a magnetic-
field observation point a vertical magnetic-field component which points to a planetary core and is represented by a spherical
harmonic function; for the vertical magnetic-field component, obtaining a partial derivative in the geographical south direction, so as to determine a first
linear representation corresponding to a spherical
harmonic coefficient, and obtaining a partial derivative in the geographical east direction, so as to determine a second
linear representation corresponding to the spherical
harmonic coefficient; on the basis of the first
linear representation and the second linear representation, determining the absolute value of a horizontal gradient corresponding to the vertical magnetic-field component to be a regular term; determining a third linear representation for the spherical
harmonic coefficient corresponding to the regular term, and on the basis of the third linear representation, constructing a target function for solving a
system of linear equations corresponding to a planetary lithospheric
magnetic field model coefficient; and performing optimization
processing on the target function, so as to determine a target model coefficient corresponding to the minimum value of the target function. The physical characteristics of a planetary lithospheric
magnetic field model can be achieved while effectively solving the problem of model
overfitting, and the accuracy of the calculation of a model coefficient is relatively high.