The invention provides a fluorescent quantitative PCR detection kit for mitochondrial deafness C1494T common mutation C1494T. The fluorescent quantitative PCR detection kit comprises a quantitative PCR reaction liquid, a first positive reference substance, a second positive reference substance, a negative reference substance, a direction and a case body, wherein the quantitative PCR reaction liquid contains a PCR buffer solution, MgCl2, dNTPs, heat-proof DNA polymerase, an upstream amplimer, a downstream amplimer, a first fluorescent probe and a second fluorescent probe. Two MGB probes are designed with respective to C>T single base mutation of the 1494 site of mtDNA, the deafness-related mitochondrial 1555 site nucleotide is detected through fluorescent quantitation PCR, and whether the site is subjected to C>T mutation or not is determined. The fluorescent quantitative PCR detection kit has the advantages of being simple, convenient, quick and accurate, can be applied to clinical diagnosis and treatment of mitochondrial C1494T mutation-related deafness and provides references for prevention and treatment of mitochondrial deafness caused by C1494T mutation.