64 results about "Nail penetration" patented technology

A cell evaluation device has a short circuit detection portion to detect an internal short circuit within a test cell that has been subjected to nail penetration or crushing using the pressure from a pressurization portion, a pressure control portion to halt the operation of the pressurization portion on detection of a short circuit, and a cell information detection portion to collect and record cell information such as the cell temperature. By using such a cell evaluation device, the location of an internal short circuit during an abuse test is specified, and variations in the cell temperature increase accompanying the internal short circuit is minimized.

A method for evaluating the safety of a battery under an internal short-circuit condition. The method for evaluating an internal short-circuit of a battery is characterized in that a short-circuit can be caused at a desired location inside the battery. According to the evaluation method of the invention, the evaluation result is not affected by the constitution of the outermost part of the battery unlike nail penetration tests which are conventional evaluation methods. Also, unlike crush tests which are conventional evaluation methods, the locations of short-circuits do not vary among tests and the safety under an internal short-circuit condition can be evaluated accurately.

There is provided a lithium ion secondary battery that includes a positive electrode having high thermal stability and is capable of greatly reducing the possibility of causing thermal runaway even in a nail penetration test. A lithium ion secondary battery including a positive electrode including a lithium composite oxide and a porous film bonded to at least one of a surface of the positive electrode and a surface of a negative electrode, wherein the porous film includes an inorganic oxide filler and a film binder, and the lithium composite oxide is represented by the formula: Lia(Co1-x-yMx1My2)bO2 (wherein element M1 is at least one selected from the group consisting of Mg, Sr, Y, Zr, Ca and Ti, element M2 is at least one selected from the group consisting of Al, Ga, In and Tl, and 0<a≦1.05, 0.005≦x≦0.15, 0≦y≦0.05 and 0.85≦b≦1.1).

The present invention aims to achieve both safety upon shorting by a nail penetration and safety upon overcharging.In a lithium ion secondary battery including a positive electrode, a negative electrode, and a non-aqueous electrolyte, the positive electrode includes active material particles, the active material particles include secondary particles of the lithium composite oxide, and some of the secondary particles have a crack. At least a surface layer portion of the active material particles includes element Me of at least one selected from the group consisting of Mn, Al, Mg, Ca, Zr, B, W, Nb, Ta, In, Mo, and Sn. Element Me is distributed more in the surface layer portion compared with the inner portion of the active material particles.

The present invention relates to a topical nail formulation comprising at least one active agent (e.g., tolnaftate) and at least one nail penetration enhancer selected from the group consisting of a fatty acid, an azone derivative, and mixtures thereof. The invention also relates to the use of said topical nail formulation for the treatment of nail disorders such as onychomycosis. The invention further provides a method of enhancing the nail flux of an active agent by using a topical nail formulation containing the said penetration enhancer.

The present invention provides a secondary battery comprising a battery package which encloses the outer perimeter of the secondary battery and covers the entire outer surface of positive and negative electrodes and a portion of each terminal of the positive and negative electrodes, wherein the battery package is formed of a laminate film comprising an outer polymer layer, an inner aluminum layer and an adhesive layer formed on a portion of the inner surface of the aluminum layer, the aluminum layer of the battery package being electrically connected with either of the positive and negative terminals. In another aspect, the invention provides a secondary battery comprising a battery package which encloses the outer perimeter of the secondary battery and covers the entire outer surface of positive and negative electrodes and a portion of each terminal of the positive and negative electrodes, wherein the battery package is formed of a laminate film comprising an outer polymer layer, an inner aluminum layer and an adhesive layer formed on a portion of the inner surface of the aluminum layer, and further comprises at least one electrically conductive metal foil on at least one of the outer upper and lower surfaces thereof, and each of the electrically conductive metal foil is electrically connected with either of the positive and negative terminals. In the inventive secondary battery, current occurring in conditions such as nail penetration can flow to either the aluminum layer of the package or the metal foil outside the package so as to inhibit heat generation inside the battery, thus improving the safety of the battery.

The invention belongs to the technical field of lithium ion batteries, and discloses a current collector containing PTC coatings, wherein the front surface and the back surface of the current collector are respectively provided with the PTC coating, the thickness of the PTC coating is 1-10 [mu]m, a current collector is coated with a PTC slurry and drying is performed to prepare the PTC coating, the viscosity of the PTC slurry is 100-3500 mPa.s, and the PTC slurry is prepared from polymer powder, an electric-conduction agent, inorganic micro-powder, a solvent and other raw materials. The invention further discloses a lithium ion battery containing the current collector. According to the present invention, with the current collector, the safety performance of the lithium ion battery during the use can be improved, and particularly the nail penetration resistance of the lithium ion battery can be improved; and the normal temperature performance of the lithium ion battery cannot be affected.

A cell evaluation device has a short circuit detection portion to detect an internal short circuit within a test cell that has been subjected to nail penetration or crushing using the pressure from a pressurization portion, a pressure control portion to halt the operation of the pressurization portion on detection of a short circuit, and a cell information detection portion to collect and record cell information such as the cell temperature. By using such a cell evaluation device, the location of an internal short circuit during an abuse test is specified, and variations in the cell temperature increase accompanying the internal short circuit is minimized.

In a lithium ion secondary battery, a lithium-nickel-containing composite oxide that contains lithium and nickel is used as a positive electrode active material, and a negative electrode active material having a melting temperature of 1200° C. or less in a lithium-absorbed state is included in a negative electrode active material layer. By configuring as above, in the lithium ion secondary battery, it is possible to achieve higher capacity, higher output, and longer life, as well as further improved safety, and particularly in a nail penetration test, to suppress the heat generation due to internal short circuit and to reliably prevent the occurrence of thermal runaway.

Provided is a lithium secondary battery containing an anode, a cathode, a porous separator / electrolyte element disposed between the anode and the cathode, and a cathode-protecting layer bonded or adhered to the cathode, wherein the cathode-protecting layer comprises a lithium ion-conducting polymer matrix or binder and inorganic material particles that are dispersed in or chemically bonded by the polymer matrix or binder and wherein the cathode-protecting layer has a thickness from 10 nm to 100 μm and the polymer matrix or binder has a lithium-ion conductivity from 10−8 S / cm to 5×10−2 S / cm. Additionally or alternatively, there can be a similarly configured anode-protecting layer adhered to the anode. Such an electrode-protecting layer prevents massive internal shorting from occurring even when the porous separator gets melted, contracted, or collapsed under extreme temperature conditions induced by, for instance, dendrite or nail penetration.

A lithium ion secondary battery includes a negative electrode that is shaped like waves in a section in the thickness direction. In the negative electrode, the ratio t1 / t0 of the largest thickness t1 to the smallest thickness t0 is from 1.2 to 3.0. The negative electrode includes a thin-film negative electrode active material layer in which the ratio A / B of the volume A in a charged state to the volume B in a discharged state is 1.2 or more. The lithium ion secondary battery has high capacity, high power, long life, and improved safety. In particular, heat generation due to an internal short-circuit is significantly suppressed in a nail penetration test.

Provided is a lithium ion secondary battery including, as components accommodated in a container, a positive electrode that intercalates and deintercalates lithium, a negative electrode that intercalates and deintercalates lithium, a nonaqueous electrolytic solution that contains a lithium salt, and a separator that is interposed between the positive electrode and the negative electrode. The separator includes a porous resin layer containing polyolefin as a main component.In a full charge state, when observing a cross-section of the lithium ion secondary battery after performing a nail penetration test in which a metal nail having a diameter of 3 mm penetrates through a central portion of the lithium ion secondary battery at 80 mm / sec for short-circuiting of the lithium ion secondary battery, an average thickness of the porous resin layer in a range of 1 mm to 3 mm in an in-plane direction from a peripheral edge of a nail hole is equal to or greater than 10% of an average thickness of the porous resin layer before the nail penetration test, and the porous resin layer remains at a position within 1 mm in the in-plane direction from the peripheral edge of the nail hole.

Provided is a cell wherein out of electrodes constituting the cell, the outermost two electrodes are both cathodes, cathode current collectors of the cathodes are single-side coated with cathode active materials on the first surfaces thereof, other sides of cathode current collectors non-coated with cathode active materials are disposed toward the outside of a cell assembly and the thickness of cathode current collectors is 70 to 150% of that of the cathode active material coated layer. The cell in accordance with the present invention exhibits excellent safety in a nail penetration test.

The present invention relates to a device for penetrating human nails as a part of treatment for Onychomycosis, commonly known as fungal nail. The device comprises a reusable electromechanical system and a single use cutting component. The electromechanical system incorporates an electrical motor and drive train to advance the cutting component through the nail. The electromechanical system also incorporates sensors for measuring the cutting resistance for the purpose of preventing the cutting device from overrunning into the nail bed. The device can be used to penetrate the nail in a controlled manner which will create a portal through the nail without penetrating the nail bed below the nail.

Provided is a laminate which is capable of ensuring a high level of safety by preventing an internal short circuit due to, for example, breakage of a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery while maintaining various performance capabilities of the non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery. A laminate (10) includes: a porous film containing polyolefin as a main component; and a porous layer containing fine particles; the porous layer being laminated to at least one side of the porous film, in an electrical conduction test by nail penetration in which test a displacement in a thickness direction of the laminate (10) during a period from when a dielectric breakdown occurs in the laminate (10) to when the laminate (10) is brought into electrical conduction is measured by use of a nail (2) of N50 specified in JIS A 5508 and under a condition in which the nail (2) descends at a descending speed of 50 μm / min, the displacement being not less than 20 μm and not more than 200 μm.

The present invention provides a secondary battery comprising a battery package which encloses the outer perimeter of the secondary battery and covers the entire outer surface of positive and negative electrodes and a portion of each terminal of the positive and negative electrodes, wherein the battery package is formed of a laminate film comprising an outer polymer layer, an inner aluminum layer and an adhesive layer formed on a portion of the inner surface of the aluminum layer, the aluminum layer of the battery package being electrically connected with either of the positive and negative terminals. In another aspect, the invention provides a secondary battery comprising a battery package which encloses the outer perimeter of the secondary battery and covers the entire outer surface of positive and negative electrodes and a portion of each terminal of the positive and negative electrodes, wherein the battery package is formed of a laminate film comprising an outer polymer layer, an inner aluminum layer and an adhesive layer formed on a portion of the inner surface of the aluminum layer, and further comprises at least one electrically conductive metal foil on at least one of the outer upper and lower surfaces thereof, and each of the electrically conductive metal foil is electrically connected with either of the positive and negative terminals. In the inventive secondary battery, current occurring in conditions such as nail penetration can flow to either the aluminum layer of the package or the metal foil outside the package so as to inhibit heat generation inside the battery, thus improving the safety of the battery.

Provided is a laminate which is capable of ensuring a high level of safety by preventing an internal short circuit due to, for example, breakage of a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery while maintaining various performance capabilities of the non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery. A laminate (10) includes: a porous film containing polyolefin as a main component; and a porous layer containing fine particles; the porous layer being laminated to at least one side of the porous film, in an electrical conduction test by nail penetration in which test a displacement in a thickness direction of the laminate (10) during a period from when a dielectric breakdown occurs in the laminate (10) to when the laminate (10) is brought into electrical conduction is measured by use of a nail (2) of N50 specified in JIS A 5508 and under a condition in which the nail (2) descends at a descending speed of 50 μm / min, the displacement being not less than 20 μm and not more than 200 μm.

Disclosed is a lithium ion secondary battery wherein a lithium nickel-containing complex oxide containing lithium and nickel is used as a positive electrode active material contained in the positive electrode, and a negative electrode active material which has a melting temperature not more than 1200 DEG C when lithium is absorbed thereto is contained in a negative electrode active material layerin the negative electrode. By having such a constitution, the lithium ion secondary battery has higher capacity, higher output and longer life, while being further improved in safety. Particularly inthis lithium ion secondary battery, heat generation due to internal short-circuit is suppressed, thereby surely preventing occurrence of thermal runaway during a nail penetration test.

Provided are an electrode for a secondary battery and a manufacturing method thereof. According to the present invention, a secondary battery, which has high capacity and is also able to get an excellent evaluation in a nail penetration test so that stability is ensured, may be manufactured. In order to accomplish the above objectives, the present invention provides an electrode for a secondary battery which includes an electrode current collector; a first electrode active material layer formed on the electrode current collector; and a second electrode active material layer formed on the first electrode active material layer, wherein a layer composed of the electrode current collector and the first electrode active material layer has a tensile strain of 1.2% or less.

Provided is a laminate which is capable of ensuring a high level of safety by preventing an internal short circuit due to, for example, breakage of a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery while maintaining various performance capabilities of the non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery. A laminate (10) includes: a porous film containing polyolefin as a main component; and a porous layer containing fine particles; the porous layer being laminated to at least one side of the porous film, in an electrical conduction test by nail penetration in which test a difference between (a) a test force of the laminate (10) which is brought into electrical conduction and (b) a test force of the laminate (10) in which a dielectric breakdown occurs, the difference being obtained by subtracting the test force (b) from the test force (a), is measured by use of a nail (2) of N50 specified in JIS A 5508 and under a condition in which the nail (2) descends at a descending speed of 50 μm / min, the difference being not less than 5 N and not more than 50 N.

A positive electrode active material has an average particle diameter of 4.5 to 15.5 μm and a specific surface area of 0.13 to 0.80 m2 / g. A positive electrode mixture layer contains a silane coupling agent and / or at least one of aluminum, titanium, or zirconium based coupling agent having an alkyl or alkoxy groups having 1 to 18 carbon atoms at a content of 0.003% by mass or more and 5% by mass or less with respect to the mass of the positive electrode active material. The nonaqueous electrolyte contains a fluorinated cyclic carbonate esters at a content of 0.3% by mass or more with respect to the total mass of the nonaqueous electrolyte. Thus the nonaqueous secondary battery in which, when used with a nonaqueous electrolyte containing a fluorinated cyclic carbonate esters, cycle characteristics are good and nail penetration characteristics are superior is provided.

The present invention relates to a device for penetrating human nails as a part of treatment for Onychomycosis, commonly known as fungal nail. The device comprises a reusable electromechanical system and a single use cutting component. The electromechanical system incorporates an electrical motor and drive train to advance the cutting component through the nail. The electromechanical system also incorporates sensors for measuring the cutting resistance for the purpose of preventing the cutting device from overrunning into the nail bed. The device can be used to penetrate the nail in a controlled manner which will create a portal through the nail without penetrating the nail bed below the nail.

The present invention provides a sink enclosure for bathing pets that provides a safe environment for such bathing. The sink enclosure is composed of a number of vertical posts which support a heavy duty vinyl panel that extends around the sink and withstand water flow, spray, and pet nail penetration. An adjustable front access panel allows the pet owner easy access to the pet within the enclosure. The sink enclosure provides a water barrier and pet restraint. The invention adapts to any size sinks and configuration, and is highly durable and adds a high level of safety for both the animal and the bather. The enclosure is easy and fast to put up and take down, usually within a few minutes.

Provided is a secondary battery having an electrode assembly installed in a battery case made up of a laminated sheet composed of an outer coating layer of a polymer film, a barrier layer of a metal foil and an inner sealant layer of a polyolefin material, wherein the metal foil of the barrier layer is formed of an aluminum alloy, the outer coating layer is formed of polyethylene naphthalate (PEN) and / or the outer surface of the outer coating layer is provided with a polyethylene naphthalate (PET) layer, and wherein the battery has a nail penetration resistance force of more than 6.5 kgf. The battery in accordance with the present invention exhibits further improved safety due to the ability to significantly reduce the probability of invasion, ignition or explosion as compared to conventional batteries, even when the battery is exposed to external physical impact or is pressed by sharp objects.

Disclosed are an apparatus and method for conducting a nail penetration test for a secondary battery. The apparatus for conducting a nail penetration test, according to the present invention, comprises: a stage for fixing a secondary battery subject to the nail penetration test; a nail penetration unit including a means for lifting and lowering a nail; a voltage measurement unit that repeatedly measures the short-circuit voltage of the secondary battery with a time interval while the nail penetration test is being conducted; and a control unit coupled to the voltage measurement unit to operatetogether. The control unit: periodically receives the short-circuit voltage from the voltage measurement unit; determines a short-circuit current to form the input short-circuit voltage between the outermost nodes of an equivalent circuit, which is obtained by modeling the secondary battery, every time the short-circuit voltage is input; and visually outputs, through a display, a change in the determined short-circuit current value according to time.

Provided is a cell wherein out of electrodes constituting the cell, the outermost two electrodes are both cathodes, cathode current collectors of the cathodes are single-side coated with cathode active materials on the first surfaces thereof, other sides of cathode current collectors non-coated with cathode active materials are disposed toward the outside of a cell assembly and the thickness of cathode current collectors is 70 to 150% of that of the cathode active material coated layer. The cell in accordance with the present invention exhibits excellent safety in a nail penetration test.

The lithium ion polymer battery includes a positive electrode plate formed with a positive electrode mixture layer having a lithium composite oxide as a positive electrode active material, a negative electrode plate, a separator, and a gel nonaqueous electrolyte, the positive electrode active material having an average particle diameter of 4.5 to 15.5 μm and a specific surface area of 0.13 to 0.80 m2 / g, the positive electrode mixture layer containing at least one of aluminum, titanium, or zirconium based coupling agent having an alkyl or an alkoxy groups having 1 to 18 carbon atoms at a content of 0.01% or more and 5% or less by mass with respect to the mass of the positive electrode active material, and the gel nonaqueous electrolyte being formed from a nonaqueous electrolyte containing a monomer having a (meth)acrylic end group. Thus improved nail penetration characteristics and superior cycle characteristics are obtained.

The invention provides an insulating tape, and a pole piece and an electro-chemical device using the insulating tape. The insulating tape comprises a base material and a coating. The base material comprises a first surface and a second surface which are oppositely arranged. The coating is disposed on the first surface. The coating comprises hard particles and an adhesive, wherein the weight of the hard particles accounts for 30-99% of the total weight of the coating. According to the application, the hard particles are adopted in the coating, so that the insulating tape does not shrink when the electro-chemical device is subjected to a nail penetration test, and the nail penetration test passing rate of the electro-chemical device can be improved.

The present disclosure relates to an electrode having improved safety and a secondary battery including the same. It is possible to prevent or significantly reduce an internal short-circuit between a positive electrode current collector and a negative electrode current collector and an internal short-circuit between a positive electrode current collector and a negative electrode active material layer, caused by nail penetration, by controlling the elongation of a positive electrode to 0.6-1.5%.