80 results about "Seed orchard" patented technology

The invention discloses a method for controlling the crown growth of a peach tree by using inter stocks, which comprises the following steps: A, selecting and cultivating stock seedlings; B, selecting inter stocks; C, grafting and managing the inter stocks; D, grafting and managing cultivars; E, carrying out field planting and orchard establishing: the field planting is performed according to the requirements for orchard establishing of mature or young peach seedlings, and when planting, the lower graft union of the inter stock is exposed above ground; and F, carrying out final-period management: if the cultivated inter stock seedlings are mature seedlings, trunk cutting is carried out directly according the requirements for peach cultivation, and if the inter stock seedlings are young seedlings, the pinching and trunk cutting are carried out after the germination of scion buds; offshoots on rootstocks and the inter stocks are removed timely, and other fertilizer managements and insect and disease controls are same as those after a peach seeding orchard is established. The method of the invention is simple and easy to perform and convenient to operate, promotes the formation of blossom buds on the branches of the peach tree, improves the fruit-setting rate and the fruit quality of the peach tree, solves the key technical problem of controlling the crown growth of the peach tree, and overcomes the defects caused by usually using chemical inhibitors.

The invention discloses an artificial pollination breeding method of a pinus massoniana hybrid. The artificial pollination breeding method comprises the following steps of 1, selection of masson pine as a female parent, 2, selection of pinus elliottii, pinus elliottii-pinus caribaea hybrid, pinus caribaea and pine moth-resistant pinus massoniana as male parents, 3, collection of male parent pollen, 4, treatment on the male parent pollen, 5, bagging and artificial pollination by a home-made pollination tool, and 6, cultivation. Through the artificial pollination breeding method, seeds of the pinus massoniana hybrid having the excellent and stable properties of straight trunk, fast early-stage growth rate, high rosin yield and pest and disease resistance are obtained. The artificial pollination breeding method solves the problems of open pollination in a pinus massoniana seed garden and improves crossbreeding efficiency. The artificial pollination breeding method is a complete artificial pollination breeding method, has simple processes, is practical, has a low cost, low requirements on operators, and small influences by a natural environmental factor such as weather, can effectively improve cross pollination efficiency in a pinus massoniana seed garden, can improve accuracy and reliability of cross pollination, can accelerate seed selection of a novel forestall germplasm resource variety, and has good economic, social and ecological benefits.

The invention discloses a method for shortening building time of a garden of Masson's pine clone graft seeds. According to the characteristic that slash pine is superior to Masson's pine in early growth, stocks of slash pine and Masson's pine are planted in a manner of two plantlets in one hole, and slash pine is grafted to Masson's pine in autumn and is supplementarily grafted in spring. Therefore, garden building time is shortened effectively while guaranteeing building quality, and the building efficiency of the Masson's pine clone graft seed garden is improved. The seed garden can be built for only 14 months by the method, which is 8 months smaller than the traditional building time. The efficient building method is economical, efficient, simple to operate, applicable to construction of bases for fine Masson's breeds and popularization to base production institutions, and practically significant to building of fine bases for Masson's pine.

The invention discloses a mutation breeding method for cunninghamia lanceolata. The method comprises the following steps: especially adopting ripen seeds of a cunninghamia lanceolata seed garden; carrying out low-temperature overwintering treatment, carrying out constant-temperature seed soaking stimulation on a gibberellin solution with specific concentration, immediately putting the gibberellin solution subjected to constant-temperature seed soaking stimulation into clear water, carrying out variable-temperature soaking for 3 days, and carrying out sprout promoting treatment; respectively carrying out colchicine mutation treatment, ethylmethane sulfonate (EMS) mutation treatment and sodium azide (NaN3) mutation treatment; and finally seeding and germinating the cunninghamia lanceolata seeds which are subjected to mutation treatment, so as to obtain a large group of cunninghamia lanceolata mutation seedlings. The cunninghamia lanceolata mutation seedlings obtained by the mutation method have the characteristics of obvious phenotypic characteristic variation, large population growth characteristic variation range and the like; a great number of mutated cunninghamia lanceolata materials can be formed within a short period of time by the method disclosed by the invention; and a foundation is laid for breeding of a new variety of cunninghamia lanceolata.

The invention relates to a rapid walnut orchard establishment technology for direct seeding orchard establishment and belongs to the technical field of cultivation. The technology is a method for sowing seeds of thick-skin walnuts or pecans serving as stocks artificially in a single row according to a ruled spacing in the rows and spacing between rows by utilizing a cultivation mode of establishing an orchard through onsite-stock grafting; the cultivated variety is grafted in next year; seedlings are remained according to required spacing in the rows and spacing between rows in the third year. Through the walnut direct seeding orchard establishment technology, seedlings are in-situ and are not subjected to the processes such as lifting of seedlings, transplanting and revival of seedlings, and roots are not damaged, so that survival rate of afforestation is high, the orchard establishment speed is fast, the survival rate of over-wintering is improved greatly, the trees are neat and consistent, and convenience is brought to management. The cost of the walnut direct seeding orchard establishment is low, the time taken for orchard establishment is short, and fast effect is achieved.

The invention discloses an experimental method of balanced fertilization of a fir and masson pine seed orchard. According to the flowering and seed setting conditions and fertilizer requirement laws of seed trees of a seed orchard of firs and masson pines in different areas and different generations, and the orchard soil characteristics, a formula fertilization system of the seed orchard of firs and masson pines in different areas and different generations is established by measuring soil, measuring the fruits and leaves of the trees and experimenting the field fertilizer effect, the formula fertilization system includes nutrient diagnosis standard, fertilization amount, fertilization rates, fertilization time and fertilization methods, and the application of the formula fertilization system is demonstrated. The experimental method disclosed by the invention is used for comprehensively understanding macro elements and trace elements of soil, proposing a reasonable fertilization formula suitable for firs and masson pines in different areas and different generations, and determining the soil nutrient content and the needle nutrient concentration of the seed tree with the highest yield by virtue of a mathematic relation of the seed yield per plant and corresponding leaf or fruit nutrient content. The experimental method disclosed by the invention is used for effectively improving the yield and productivity of the seed orchard and remarkably improving economic and social benefits, thereby having broad application prospects.

The invention relates to a method for constructing a China fir double-system hybrid seed orchard, and belongs to the technical field of forestry. The method comprises the following steps: parent selection; orchard site selection and plantation density determination; seed orchard graft material and method selection, and clone configuration; high-yield management of the seed orchard. According to the method disclosed by the invention, heteroses of superior cross combinations of China firs are sufficiently utilized to produce a new variety of China fir seeds with the heteroses so as to apply the new variety of China fir seeds to production. In areas of Zhejiang Province, such as Longquan, Suichang and the like, after seeds produced in the China fir double-system hybrid seed orchard are adopted to carry out seedling cultivation and forestation, a volume of forest tree growth is obviously higher than that after seeds produced in a same-generation China fir multi-system seed orchard are adopted to carry out seedling cultivation and forestation, and a yield increasing effect is obvious. According to a comparison testing result of existing China fir seed orchards of different generations, compared with common seeds, a six-year-survival survey result is that the highest wood volume practical gain of the seeds produced in the China fir double-system hybrid seed orchard reaches 46.0%, gain of a 2-generation China fir seed orchard is 32.0%, gain of a 1.5-generation seed orchard is 27.0%, and gain of a 1-generation seed orchard is 20.0%.

The invention provides a pruning and breeding method for grafting scion of broadleaf holly leaf tree, which is characterized by pruning branches of the adult seed tree from the juncture of the annual branch and the two-year old branch, taking the new braches germinating from the cut as scions after breeding and using the scions for breeding the grafted seedlings and establishing the seed orchard. The scions using the new germinating branches which are pruned and bred according to the inventive method don't bloom in the grafting year, and thereby not only the grafting survival rate is improved but also the broadleaf holly leaf tree seed orchard gets yields earlier. The economic efficiency is obvious.

The invention discloses a method for storing and unfreezing pinus massoniana pollen. The method comprises the following steps of: storing, namely performing water culture on pinus massoniana male flowers with branches and leaves, picking off buds when the buds is to blossom, placing the buds into a kraft paper envelope, drying at constant temperature, dispersing pollen, pinking one corner of the envelope by using a needle, collecting the pollen into a brown bottle with silica gel, sealing the opening with a sealant, storing the brown bottle at normal temperature and in shade, exchanging the silica gel timely when color of the silica gel is changed, and sealing the bottle when the color of the silica gel is not changed and storing the bottle at a low temperature; and unfreezing, namely taking out the brown bottle and placing the brown bottle into a refrigerating chamber of a refrigerator for 20 to 24 hours, taking out the brown bottle and placing the brown bottle at a normal-temperature environment for 8 to 12 hours, opening the sealant and placing the brown bottle for 8 to 12 hours until the color of the silica gel is changed, or opening the opening if the color of the silica gel is not changed, adhering filter paper absorbed with water to the opening, and covering the opening by using a preservative film and sealing the opening by using a rubber band until the color of the silica gel is changed. By the method, life of the pinus massoniana pollen is prolonged; the problems of cross breeding (seed production) of pine tree seeds and flowering asynchronism of artificially auxiliary pollination in a seed orchard are solved; and utilization ratio of the pollen is increased.

The invention discloses a method for improving the planting survival rate of pinus massoniana grafting seedlings. Rootstocks are cultivated by using non-woven bags which are easy to decompose and a conventional light tree medium; the tops of the rootstocks are slightly shorn after the rootstocks are grafted to survive by utilizing the advantage that the grafting survival rate can be ensured because the grafting seedlings which are managed in a centralized manner in a nursery garden are not affected by weather; the seedling transportation and forestation cost is reduced because the seedlings are small; the rootstocks are trimmed twice after the rootstocks are planted on a mountain; finally, the grafting seedling planting survival rate is obviously improved. According to the method, the forestation effect of the grafting seedlings can be improved; the large-scale production forestation cost can be reduced effectively; the economic value is improved; moreover, the method is simple, convenient, and easy to learn, and low in cost; an effective means is provided for popularization and large-scale production of excellent clones of pinus massoniana; the method is of an important practical significance to a pinus massoniana seed orchard, a gene pool, and the large-scale forestation use of the pinus massoniana grafting seedlings.

The invention relates to a method for grafting Chinese fir in autumn. The method includes the steps of treatment of a stock, treatment of a scion, grafting, heat and moisture preservation measures and management after grafting. By means of the method, the survival rate of grafting Chinese fir in autumn is greatly increased, and the grafting survival rate is increased to about 90% currently from less than 30% originally; meanwhile, the time period for Chinese fir grafting in a year can be prolonged, the large-scale Chinese fir grafting process is accelerated, the building speed of a Chinese fir gene collecting garden and a seed garden is effectively increased, and the building time is shortened.

The invention discloses an improvement method for seed yield of a mother tree in a Pinus massoniana seed orchard. The method comprises the following steps: step 1, clearing tree disks in every spring, and spreading quicklime powder before raining; step 2, applying organic fertilizer, potash fertilizer and boron fertilizer in furrows before a cone expansion period; step 3, applying nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer after harvesting cones; step 4, collecting pollen and carrying out artificial supplementary pollination in male-female-flower full-bloom stage; and step 5, carrying out artificial supplementary pollination in the flowering period of male and female flowers. Practical application shows that the improvement method for seed yield of the mother tree in the Pinus massoniana seed orchard provided by the invention can significantly improve the seed yield of the mother tree in the Pinus massoniana orchard, the fruiting rate of Pinus massoniana is increased by 135% to 324%, and yield per plant of the Pinus massoniana is significantly higher than yield per plant of reference Pinus massoniana; in addition, the method also can slow down aging of the Pinus massoniana, improve pest and disease resistant ability of the Pinus massoniana, effectively save fertilizers and manpower, reduce production cost of the seed orchard and provide an effective way for promotion of high yield and stable yield of the Pinus massoniana seed orchard.

The invention provides a method for shortening the building time of a taxus mairei seed collecting foundation. The method is characterized by sequentially including the following steps of a, selection of taxus mairei superior trees; b, identification of the flowering phase of the superior trees; c, trimming of the superior trees; d, root breaking of the superior trees; e, foundation selection; f, foundation planning and preparation; g, seedling lifting of the superior trees; h, configuration of the superior trees; i, planting of the superior trees; j, tending management; k, seed treatment and storage. The large-batch seed production time of the improved variety foundation can be greatly shortened, the initial seed yield of a seed garden is low, the large-batch seed production time is 10-15 years, the large-batch seed production time of a seed production stand is 6-8 years, seed genetic gains are small, after the improved variety foundation is built through the steps, the large-batch seed production time is only 2 years, the seed genetic gains are large, and produced seeds are high in quality and yield.

The invention discloses a method for promoting high and stable yield of a cunninghamia lanceolata seed orchard. The method comprises the steps of (1) seed orchard design, (2) parent selection and allocation, (3) directional fertilization, and (4) height-control technology. The method provided by the invention has a significant effect, and is suitable for the construction of cunninghamia lanceolata seed orchards in southern China. The method also has important reference value for the construction of forest seed orchards in China and other countries of the world.

The invention relates to an apricot plum direct seeding orchard establishment technology for an oasis-desert transitional zone. The apricot plum direct seeding orchard establishment technology comprises the following steps of: collecting seeds, processing seeds before seeding, carrying out soil preparation, seeding, and carrying out film lamination, seedling management, grafting, grafted seedlingmanagement, water fertilizer management after transplantation, shaping, pruning, high yield management and rest period management. Compared with conventional orchard establishment, the apricot plum direct seeding orchard establishment technology has a low cost, short orchard forming time and high effect taking speed, is simple to operate, is easily mastered and can be more easily accepted by farmers. According to the apricot plum direct seeding orchard establishment technology, a purpose that grafting orchard forming is realized in a current year, shaping is carried out in a next year, a highyield is realized in a third year and high efficiency is realized can be achieved, an inherent mode that traditional fruit tree seedling culture transportation takes effect in 3-5 years and has a highyield in 8-10 years, and a brand new approach is opened for realizing the standardized, intensified and mechanized production of apricot plum industry.

The present invention belongs to the technical field of castanopsis hystrix grafting, and discloses a castanopsis hystrix grafting method and system. The method comprises the steps of grafting time selection, stock selection, cuttings selection, grafting operation and post-grafting management. Cuttings having at least one spore are adopted by the scion for grafting, the castanopsis hystrix grafting survival rate can be obviously increased, and grafting efficiency is high. The castanopsis hystrix grafting is carried out at the end of December to the middle and last ten-day of January, namely 2-5 days before and after the Great Cold, the principle that branches are not yet germinated and bud eyes are plump is adopted, and the survival rate is effectively increased. The method has the characteristics that good germplasm materials of castanopsis hystrix are cultivated and preserved in a short period, shaping can be rapid, fructification can be carried out ahead of time, operation is simple, and cost is low, the survival rate according to the method reaches more than 70%, and the method is suitable for grafting of castanopsis hystrix nursery seedlings. Grafted seedlings are cultivated for establishing an improved variety cutting orchard and a clonal seed orchard. The method is an effective approach for exsitu-conservation and utilization of the good germplasm materials of castanopsis hystrix, and is an agroforestry genetic inheritance and improvement technology with extremely high practicability.

The invention discloses a pruning high-yield method for dwarfing of seed trees of a cedar seed garden. The method comprises the steps of cultivation of cedar seedling rootstocks, grafting, primary topcutting, primary short cutting for side branches, secondary top cutting, secondary short cutting for side branches, later shaping and pruning and tending and management. According to the method, seedtrees with several years old in the cedar seed garden are subjected to top cutting multiple times, main branches and first-level side branches are subjected to short cutting multiple times, the treevigor of the seed trees of the seed garden is effectively controlled, and sprouting of fruiting branches is greatly promoted; the yield of seeds of the cedar seed garden is obviously increased, the quality of the seeds of the cedar seed garden is obviously improved, quick popularization of good cedar seeds is promoted, and the problems of high and large trees, difficult seed collection, low seed yield and the like of the cedar seed garden are overcome.

The invention discloses a method for improving female and male strobilus production of pinus massoniana in a seed orchard by aid of cytokinin BAP and belongs to the field of plant growth regulators. The method comprises steps as follows: a BAP solution is selected as a chemical reagent; 500 mg/L of the BAP solution is prepared, and plants which have blooming and fruiting capability and are 11 years old or older are selected; in the flower bud differentiation period of the pinus massoniana in August and September, 500 mg/L of the BAP solution is injected into terminal buds of pinus massoniana branches by an injector after 2 pm on a sunny day. The problem of low strobilus production of the pinus massoniana in the seed orchard is solved, the female strobilus production of the pinus massoniana can be increased to be 1.75 times of that in a contrast group, and the male strobilus production of the pinus massoniana is increased to be 4.3 times of that in a contrast group.

The invention discloses a seedling breeding method capable of increasing the grafting survival rate of phoebe bournei. The seedling breeding method comprises the processes of breeding rootstocks, selecting scion-seed trees, selecting scions, storing cuttings, grafting and carrying out post-grafting management; according to the method, tissue cultured seedlings, cultured for 6-8 months, of the phoebe bournei are used as the rootstocks, and fresh coppice shoots extracted from the scion-seed trees in season are collected as the scions; before and after the beginning of spring, grafting is carriedout by using a single-bud cut-grafting method when winter buds of the phoebe bournei are not unfolded yet, and the grafted rootstocks are transplanted into a nursery for carrying out post-grafting management, so that complete new plants are obtained. The selected rootstocks for grafting is the tissue cultured seedlings of the phoebe bournei, and the single-bud cut-grafting method is used for grafting, so that the quality of the rootstock root system is good, the survival rate is high, the grafted seedlings grow rapidly, and the seedling breeding time is shortened; the grafted seedlings are used for establishing a fine cloned seed orchard, so that a large number of high-quality phoebe bournei seeds are produced, the problem of limited fruit yield of the good single plant is solved, and a foundation is laid for the cultivation of high-quality nursery stock and the construction of high-quality man-made forests; the seedling breeding method has better good economic benefit, environmentalbenefit and ecological benefit.

The invention discloses an identification method for the types of descendant tree species of Liriodendron forest and a special kit thereof. The method comprises the following steps: 1) extracting leafDNA (Deoxyribonucleic Acid) of the descendant tree species; 2) performing SSR-PCR (Simple Sequence Repeat-Polymerase Chain Reaction) detection; 3) determining the descendant tree species, wherein thedescendant tree species which can specifically amplify a product of 112bp by electrophoresis are Liriodendron chinense (Hemsl.) Sarg., the descendant tree species which can specifically amplify a product of 124bp by electrophoresis are Liriodendron tulipifera Linn., and the descendant tree species which can specifically amplify products of 112bp and 124bp are hybrid of Liriodendron chinense and Liriodendron tulipifera. The identification method for the types of the descendant tree species of Liriodendron forests disclosed by the invention has the advantages of high repeatability and high stability, can effectively identify the types of descendant tree species of Liriodendron natural forests and artificial forests, particularly the descendant trees of Liriodendron natural forests and artificial forests at a seedling stage, and can identify whether seeds of seed orchards are Liriodendron chinense (Hemsl.). seeds, Liriodendron tulipifera seeds or seeds of hybrid of Liriodendron chinenseand Liriodendron tulipifera. The identification method has the advantages of fastness, high efficiency, accurate result and very high practicality.

The invention relates to the field of nursery stock planting, in particular to a method for improving the grafting survival rate of an improved fokienia hodginsii seed garden. The method includes the following steps: (1) conducting planning and soil preparation on the fokienia hodginsii seed garden, (2) conducting clone configuration, (3) conducting stock cultivation, (4) conducting grafting in a nursery garden from March to April in the next year after stock cultivation is carried out, and (5) conducting after-grafting management, wherein the grafted stocks in the step (4) are cultivated and can be moved out of the nursery garden from February to March in the next year after grafting is carried out, nutrition cups are removed, and then planting with soil is carried out. The method has the advantages that the mode that stock planting and grafting are carried out on mountains is generally adopted in a prior fokienia hodginsii grafting method. By means of the method for improving the grafting survival rate of the improved fokienia hodginsii seed garden, robust grafting nursery stock reforested trees are firstly cultivated in the field of the nursery garden; compared with a mountain grafting mode, the grafting survival rate of the fokienia hodginsii nursery stocks can be improved by more than 40%, and the preserving rate of the seed garden can be higher than 95% after complementary planting is carried out one time.

The invention relates to the field of nursery stock planting, in particular to a method for improving the taiwania flousiana seed orchard preservation rate. The method comprises the following steps: 1, taiwania flousiana seed orchard forest land preparation; 2, stock cultivation; 3, grafting method and time: grafting in a logging site and a nursery garden at the same time in the middle ten days of February to the last ten days of March in the next year after stock cultivation, wherein scion wood for grafting is taken from the upper portion of a taiwania flousiana, the scion wood is arranged in a cold water basin with the water depth of 2cm to be refreshed after being collected, the base portion of the scion wood is wrapped by wet grass or moss in a transportation process and ventilated, uniparental grafting is performed strictly according to a clone deployment diagram in grafting in the logging site, and cards are hung; 4, management after grafting. The method has the beneficial effects that the nursery stocks are cultivated and grafted at the same time in the logging site and the nursery garden according to the clone number, the missing-plant soil after-replacement of the grafting seedlings in the nursery garden is performed according to the seed orchard clone deployment diagram in the next year, the seed orchard preservation rate can be 97% or more after after-replacement, the nursery stocks grow evenly, and the orchard establishment effect is obvious.

The invention provides a method for rapid screening of garden establishment parent materials of a cedar seed garden. The method comprises the following steps: conducting open pollination on candidateparents of a garden establishment region in a control area; obtaining a filial generation of each parent after the open pollination through monophyletic seed collection; using an SNP molecular markerfor genotyping of the parents and the filial generations so as to determine the parents of which the filial generations are dominant; and determining the parent materials for garden establishment according to traits of blossom and growth. Forest trees have large genomes in general. The method rapidly detects characteristics of differences of genomes among forest plant individuals with the SNP molecular marker and is characterized by fast screening, a large processing amount, high polymorphism, high stability and a wide coverage scope.

The invention discloses a method for dwarfing and rejuvenating seed orchard big trees of masson pine and improving flower and fruit setting rate. The method comprises the steps of conducting crown cutting, tip removing, guiding retraction of a side tip in a lower layer, improving a light condition of a seed tree in the seed orchard, and conducting furrow digging and fertilization treatment on the seed orchard. According to the method for dwarfing and rejuvenation of seed orchard of masson pine and improving flower and fruit setting rate, through the steps of crown cutting, tip removing, guiding retraction of a lower side tip, and improving of a light condition of a seed tree in the seed orchard, an invalid inner chamber space ratio of non-fructification of the seed tree of the masson pine is lowered, and a fructification valid area is increased; meanwhile, flowing of nutrients and growth hormone of various kinds in the tree body towards a retained branch and reassignment of the nutrients and growth hormone are benefited, retaining of a growth branch in a lower layer, restoring of vitality of a tip, and germination of a bud are promoted, and material preparations for fructification is guaranteed by adding flowers and branch tips. The method for dwarfing and rejuvenating seed orchard big trees of masson pine and improving flower and fruit setting rate is simple and easy to operate, low in cost, and can be popularized in production management of ageing seed orchard of the masson pine.