512results about "Baffles" patented technology

A self-cooled oxidant-fuel burner consisting novel fuel and oxidant nozzles and three compartment refractory burner block design is proposed. The new oxidant-fuel burner can fire in high-temperature (2200 DEG F. to 3000 DEG F.) and high-particulate (or high process volatiles/condensates) furnaces without over-heating or causing chemical corrosion damage to it's metallic burner nozzle and refractory burner block interior. Using various embodiments of nozzle and block shape, the burner can offer a traditional cylindrical flame or flat flame depending on the heating load requirements. The new features of this burner include unique fuel nozzle design for the streamline mixing of fuel and oxidant streams, a controlled swirl input to the oxidant flow for desired flame characteristics, a controlled expansion of flame envelope in the radial and axial dimensions, and efficient sweeping of burner block interior surface using oxidant to provide convective cooling and prevent any build up of process particulates. In addition, a relatively thick wall metallic nozzle construction with heat conduction fins enable efficient heat dissipation from the nozzle tip and providing a maintenance free burner operation.

Burner firing method and device are presented where an oxidizing oxygen-fuel burner is fired at an angle to the reducing air-fuel burner flame to reduce overall NOx emissions from high temperature furnaces. The oxidizing oxy-fuel burner stoichiometric equivalence ratio (oxygen/fuel) is maintained in the range of about 1.5 to about 12.5. The reducing air-fuel burner is fired at an equivalence ratio of 0.6 to 1.00 to reduce the availability of oxygen in the flame and reducing NOx emissions. The oxidizing flame from the oxy-fuel burner is oriented such that the oxidizing flame gas stream intersects the reducing air-fuel flame gas stream at or near the tail section of the air-fuel flame. The inventive methods improve furnace temperature control and thermal efficiency by eliminating some nitrogen and provide an effective burnout of CO and other hydrocarbons using the higher mixing ability of the oxidizing flame combustion products. The simultaneous air-fuel and oxy-fuel burner firing can reduce NOx emissions anywhere from 30% to 70% depending on the air-fuel burner stoichiometric ratio.

This invention relates to an apparatus for an entrainment system of a vortex burning combustion chamber or a vortex burning inter-turbine burner in a gas turbine. The entrainment system rapidly and thoroughly mixes hot combustion gases with non-combustion gases to reduce the gas temperature before entering a turbine. The entrainment system includes a plurality of helical vanes forming trenches and resulting in a highly helical flow path. The highly helical flow path provides an increased residence time for mixing of the combustion gases and non-combustion gases. Radial cavities in the helical vanes, canted vane angles and varying geometries further facilitate mixing while reducing losses. This invention also includes a method of mixing combustion and non-combustion gases in an entrainment system.

The disclosure relates to a burner for a combustion chamber of a gas turbine, with an injection device for the introduction of at least one gaseous and/or liquid fuel into the burner, wherein the injection device has at least one body which is arranged in the burner with at least one nozzle for introducing the at least one fuel into the burner, the at least one body being configured as a streamlined body which has a streamlined cross-sectional profile and which extends with a longitudinal direction perpendicularly or at an inclination to a main flow direction prevailing in the burner. The at least one nozzle has its outlet orifice at or in a trailing edge of the streamlined body, and with reference to a central plane of the streamlined body, the trailing edge is provided with at least two lobes extending in opposite transverse directions.

A fuel nozzle 110 having a plurality of swirl vane 130 on an outer peripheral surface thereof is installed within a burner tube 120, with a clearance 121 being provided. Each swirl vane 130 progressively curves from an upstream side toward a downstream side (inclines along a circumferential direction) in order to swirl compressed air A flowing through an air passage 111 to form a swirl air flow a. Here, curvature of each swirl vane 130 is greater on its outer peripheral side than on its inner peripheral side. By suppressing occurrence of an air streamline heading from the inner peripheral side toward the outer peripheral side, therefore, flow velocity on the inner peripheral side and flow velocity on the outer peripheral side become equal, thus preventing flashback on the inner peripheral side. Moreover, a swirl imparting force in the circumferential direction per unit length on the inner peripheral side and that on the outer peripheral side become equal, equalizing the fuel concentration on the inner peripheral side and the fuel concentration on the outer peripheral side. Furthermore, a leakage flow, which passes from the vane dorsal surface side through the clearance 121 and leaks to the vane ventral surface side, generates a vortex air flow, promoting mixing of fuel and air.

The burner preferably exclusively burns substantially explosible solid fuels and preferably has instant ON-OFF thermostat control, wastes no energy preheating the enclosure or external air supply, achieves stable combustion the moment the powder-air mix is ignited in our burner, is used in the upward vertical mode except for oil burner retrofits, burns a solid fuel in a single-phase regime as if it were a vaporized liquid or gas, is designed to complete combustion within the burner housing itself rather than in a large, high temperature furnace enclosure which it feeds, has an ultra-short residence time requirement, is a recycle consuming burner with self-contained management of initially unburned particles, is much smaller, simpler and lower cost, has a wider dynamic range/turndown ratio, is more efficient in combustion completeness and thermal efficiency, and operates with air-fuel mix approximately at the flame speed.

Premix furnace for heating an occupied space while producing lower NOx emissions and methods of mixing air and fuel delivered to a premix burner and of improving combustion stability. A mixing device may be located within an inlet tube, may have a flat surface that is perpendicular to the direction of fuel flow, or may have two surfaces held at substantially opposite angles to induce swirl. A mixing device may be attached to the fuel injector, may be made from a piece of sheet metal, and may have bends and a hole for attachment to the fuel injector. A fluidic diode in the inlet tube may improve combustion stability and may include a hollow frustum or a frustoconical portion, a cylinder concentric with the inlet tube, or a combination thereof. Some embodiments include refractory insulation lining the combustion chamber or may adjust for elevation or fuel characteristics.

A waste gas treatment system having a burner part and a combustion chamber provided at a downstream side of the burner part. Combustion flames are formed from the burner part toward the combustion chamber, and a waste gas is introduced into the combustion flames, thereby oxidatively decomposing the waste gas. The combustion chamber is formed from an inner wall made of a fiber-reinforced ceramic material. Therefore, the wear of the inner wall due to heat and corrosion is minimized, and thermal stress cracking is also reduced. Consequently, the lifetime of the system increases, and the cost of equipment and the availability factor can be improved. In addition, because the inner wall exhibits no catalytic effect, the formation of thermal NOx is suppressed, and it is possible to achieve environmental preservation and to simplify the treatment equipment.

An improved outdoor cooker contains a number of expedients for controlling temperature and diverting combustion byproducts such as ash and noxious gases away from the cooking area. The temperature is controlled using a convection plate, an extended chimney flue and a secondary chimney on a removable hood. Controls are provided to balance smoke, steam and heat.

An incinerator for burning waste material includes a horizontally extended combustion chamber through which a mixture of waste material and air is introduced under pressure tangentially for establishing a vortical movement of the waste material toward one of the end walls. The waste material is ignited during its vortical movement. A second discharge port extends for discharging from the chamber non-combustible material entrained in the outer region of the vortex. The discharged material is conveyed through a conduit to a separator which separates the discharged gases and solid material. A baffle is mounted on the flue adjacent its open end for deflecting outwardly toward the side wall solid material which moves from adjacent the one end wall toward the open end of the flue. Additionally, control means are provided for the use of specialized sensors to monitor the temperature, air flow and volume of the chamber.

A burner assembly including a housing having an air inlet and a burner end. An impeller that is mounted in the housing is in communication with the air inlet and adapted to direct air toward the burner end of the housing. The burner assembly also includes an inner air tube that is mounted in the burner end of the housing so as to define an inner combustion zone and an outer combustion zone. The assembly further includes a plurality of radiation plates that are mounted in the burner end of the housing adjacent to the outer combustion zone, an inner air spin vane that is mounted on the inner air tube so as to direct some of the air from the impeller into the inner combustion zone, an inner gas injection nozzle mounted on the inner air tube so as to direct gaseous fuel into the inner combustion zone, an outer air spin vane that is mounted in the burner end of the housing so as to direct some of the air from the impeller into the outer combustion zone, and a plurality of outer gas injection nozzles that are mounted in the burner end of the housing so as to direct gaseous fuel into the outer combustion zone. A first castellated ring is mounted around the periphery of the inner air tube, and a second castellated ring is mounted around the periphery of the burner end of the housing.

Disclosed is a high efficiency hot air furnace including a heat exchanger assembly located in a heat exchange chamber through with comfort air is passed to be heated. The heat exchanger assembly includes a drum like combustion member located in the flow path of comfort air. A supplemental heat exchanger or condenser is disposed in the flow path of comfort air upstream from the combustion member. A transfer channel extends from one end of the combustion member and communicates combustion products to the condenser. The combustion member includes an insulating material on the inside portion of the cylindrical wall. A diffuser is located within the combustion member which prevents the burner flame from extending into the transfer channel. The burner includes a blower for urging combustion gases through the heat exchanging assembly. Intake air for the blower is provided by an air intake chamber.

A dual fuel vent free gas heater having at least one gas burner with a plurality of gas outlet ports. The gas outlet ports are in flow communication with at least one pilot flame burner. At least one fuel injector feeds fuel to the burner providing for introduction of more than one fuel to the burner. Optionally, an oxygen detection system, manual control valve, linkage, and/or shut off control system may be incorporated into the dual fuel vent free heater.

In certain embodiments, methods, systems, and apparatus are provided for use in removing pollutants from a gas stream. The invention includes a thermal reaction unit formed from a plurality of stacked porous ceramic rings. A first of the porous ceramic rings has a first coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) and a second of the porous ceramic rings has a second CTE. Numerous other aspects are provided.

In one aspect the invention discloses a gas cooktop which is relatively easy to clean and which is not visually complex. The gas cooktop surface is provided with a trivet having two operating conditions. In a first condition the trivet is retracted and is substantially flush with the cooktop surface. In a second condition the trivet is extended Lo support a cooking vessel above a gas burner. In another aspect the invention discloses an improved gas burner with a high turn-down ratio. The improved burner includes first and second gas flow passages, a flame front locator, in one of the passages and a burner head. Fuel gas is injected into an end of one of said passages and is ignited to establish a flame at the flame front locator. Secondary combustion air is provided through the other of the passages which on a high setting enables secondary combustion and on a low setting may mix with the hot gases and cool them resulting in a lower temperature at the cooking vessel.