The invention discloses a disposable atmospheric waveguide buoy which comprises a floating body, an instrument cabin, a sensor system, a data acquisition system, a power supply system, a control system, a communication system, a ballast and the like; the instrument cabin is connected with the floating body through interference fit; the sensor system is connected with the bottom of the instrument cabin through flanges; and the rest parts are fixed in the instrument cabin. Aiming at the characteristics of large size, complex structure, high cost and the like of the existing buoy, the invention provides the buoy device platform disposable atmospheric waveguide buoy. The core assembly is a buoy body and has the advantages of being convenient to arrange, low in cost, high in survivability in asevere environment and convenient to network and observe. A real-time pelagic atmospheric waveguide networking observation system can be established to obtain hydrometeorological data required for predicting atmospheric waveguides, important data information is provided for radar, satellites and maritime affair communication systems, and the performance of navigation, monitoring and meteorologicalradars is improved.