The invention provides a non-initiating explosive device satellite and rocket separation unlocking device. The device comprises a bottom plate, a thrust mechanism, an unlocking control mechanism, multiple sets of locking mechanisms and multiple satellite connecting plates. The bottom plate is fixedly connected with the rocket; the locking mechanism and the thrust mechanism are fixed to the end face, away from the rocket, of the bottom plate. The satellite connecting plates are arranged on the faces, away from the bottom plate, of the locking mechanisms, and each satellite connecting plate is connected with one locking mechanism in a locking mode. The end face, away from the locking mechanism, of the satellite connecting plate is fixed to the bottom of the satellite, and when the rocket is separated from the satellite, the satellite connecting plate moves along with the satellite. The unlocking control mechanism is fixed on the bottom plate and is connected with the locking mechanism; the end face, away from the bottom plate, of the thrust mechanism abuts against the bottom of the satellite. The thrust mechanism is used for providing thrust for separation of the satellite and the rocket. The structure is simple and reliable, the number of parts is small, the overall rigidity is high, vibration generated when the rocket flies is not amplified, and satellite separation attitude control is good.