A method of predicting sensor performance, such as focal plane array (FPA) behind optics casting an image based on radiant energy received from a target such as a star, planet, other celestial body, event, mass, artificial body, or the like. A user may select artificial, natural, or both types of bodies, and a dynamics module provides relative motion trajectories in space. Radiance proceeding from a target toward a sensor is modified by effects of bodies and the environment, considering any arbitrary selection of bodies and sensors, radiance effects, and relative motions therebetween, whether terrestrial or intergalactic in scale, location, or observation point. Thus, corrections and calibrations may improve images, factoring out cluttering effects of the environment and other bodies.