The invention provides an on-line safety valve checking method and device. A safety valve is subjected to online checking through the device, the device comprises a force sensor mounted on a lifting rod, the force sensor is connected with a control system, the safety valve is arranged on a pressure vessel with slurry in the lower portion and steam in the upper portion, in a normal working pressure range of the safety valve, the control system controls lifting height and opening time of a valve stem of the safety valve by the device, and the device is enabled to finish checking after the slurry arrives at a valve port of the safety valve. Therefore, influence on sealing performance of the safety valve due to discharge of a viscous medium in a flash evaporator is avoided, further the operating period of the flash evaporator can be prolonged, cost in a series of working processes of detachment, lifting, transportation, checking, reassembling and the like during online and offline checking of the safety valve can be omitted, labor intensity of workers is lowered, and normal operation of companies is guaranteed.