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1166 results about "Transformation ratio" patented technology

The transformation ratio (TR) as defined by Tissot and Welte (1984) is the ratio of the petroleum (oil and gas) actually formed by the kerogen to the total amount of petroleum that the kerogen is capable of generating.

Separation of Carbon Dioxide (Co2) From Gas Mixtures By Calcium Based Reaction Separation (Cars-Co2) Process

A reaction-based process has been developed for the selective removal of carbon dioxide (CO2) from a multicomponent gas mixture to provide a gaseous stream depleted in CO2 compared to the inlet CO2 concentration in the stream. The proposed process effects the separation of CO2 from a mixture of gases (such as flue gas / fuel gas) by its reaction with metal oxides (such as calcium oxide). The Calcium based Reaction Separation for CO2 (CaRS—CO2) process consists of contacting a CO2 laden gas with calcium oxide (CaO) in a reactor such that CaO captures the CO2 by the formation of calcium carbonate (CaCOa). Once “spent”, CaCO3 is regenerated by its calcination leading to the formation of fresh CaO sorbent and the evolution of a concentrated stream of CO2. The “regenerated” CaO is then recycled for the further capture of more CO2. This carbonation-calcination cycle forms the basis of the CaRS—CO2 process. This process also identifies the application of a mesoporous CaCO3 structure, developed by a process detailed elsewhere, that attains >90% conversion over multiple carbonation and calcination cycles. Lastly, thermal regeneration (calcination) under vacuum provided a better sorbent structure that maintained reproducible reactivity levels over multiple cycles.
Owner:THE OHIO STATES UNIV

Impedance transformation ratio control in film acoustically-coupled transformers

The film acoustically-coupled transformer (FACT) has decoupled stacked bulk acoustic resonators (DSBARs), a first electrical circuit and a second electrical circuit. Each of the DSBARs has a lower film bulk acoustic resonator (FBAR), an upper FBAR and an acoustic decoupler. The upper FBAR is stacked on the lower FBAR and the acoustic decoupler is located between the FBARs. Each FBAR has opposed planar electrodes and a piezoelectric element between the electrodes. The first electrical circuit interconnects the lower FBARs. The second electrical circuit interconnects the upper FBARs. The FBARs of one of the DSBARs differ in electrical impedance from the FBARs of another of the DSBARs. The FACT has an impedance transformation ratio greater than 1:m2, where m is the number of DSBARs. The actual impedance transformation ratio depends on the ratio of the impedances of the FBARs.
Owner:AVAGO TECH INT SALES PTE LTD

Method for undergoing chlorobenzene nitration reaction by using micro-channel reactor

The invention relates to a method for undergoing a chlorobenzene nitration reaction by using a micro-channel reactor, belonging to the technical field of application of organic synthesis. In the method, nitric acid, sulfuric acid, water and chlorobenzene are taken as initial reaction raw materials, and processes such as mixed acid preparation, mixed acid and chlorobenzene preheating, mixed acid and chlorobenzene reacting and the like are completed in a micro-channel reactor system. In the reaction, nitro-sulfuric mixed acid is taken as a nitrating agent, the effective concentration of sulfuric acid in the mixed acid is 50-90 percent, the molar ratio of the nitric acid to the sulfuric acid in the mixed acid is 1:1-1:10, the molar ratio of the chlorobenzene to the nitric acid is 1:1.0-1:2.0, the reaction temperature is 50-100 DEG C, and the reaction time is 30-120 seconds. The chlorobenzene transformation ratio is up to 97 percent, the selectivity of nitrochlorobenzene serving as a product is over 96.5 percent, and the ratio of ortho-para nitrochlorobenzene is over 0.6. A strengthened mixed micro-channel reactor adopted in the invention is particularly suitable for undergoing a continuous nitration reaction, and has the characteristics of stable temperature control and safe process.
Owner:CHANGZHOU UNIV

A differential protection method for negative sequence current of large power transformer

ActiveCN1964149AHigh protection sensitivityClearly distinguish internal and external asymmetrical faultsEmergency protective circuit arrangementsPhase correctionSecondary loop
The disclosed protection method for internal fault of large power transformer comprises: the protector samples the secondary current of current transformers on power transformer sides to obtain current instantaneous value and calculate complex number form of electric values by Fourier algorithm, corrects phase of connection form, and balances amplitude of transformation ratio; then, it calculates the complex number form of negative sequence current according to three-phase ac complex form, and computes negative sequence differential current and break current as the negative sequence differential protection principle to decide asymmetric inside and outside fault and drop out all breakers. This invention also contains exactly the negative sequence differential rate breaking feature and protection criterion, the adjusting means for protection values, the positive sequence current breaking criterion, and the block function for error action protection.
Owner:BEIJING SIFANG JIBAO AUTOMATION +1

Process for the preparation of middle distillates

A process for the preparation of one or more hydrocarbon fuel products boiling in the kero / diesel range from a stream of hydrocarbons produced in a Fischer-Tropsch process, in which process synthesis gas is converted into liquid hydrocarbons, at least a part of the hydrocarbons boiling above the kero / diesel range, having the following steps:[0002](1) hydrocracking / hydroisomerizing at least a part of the Fischer-Tropsch hydrocarbons stream at a conversion per pass of at most 80 wt % of the material boiling above 370° C. into material boiling below 370° C.;[0003](2) separating the product stream obtained in step (1) into one or more light fractions boiling below the kero / diesel boiling range, one or more fractions boiling in the kero / diesel boiling range and a heavy fraction boiling above the kero / diesel boiling range;[0004](3) hydrocracking / hydroisomerizing the major part of the heavy fraction obtained in step (2) at a conversion per pass of at most 80 wt % of the material boiling above 370° C. into material boiling below 370° C.;[0005](4) separating the product stream obtained in step (3) into one or more light fractions boiling below the kero / diesel boiling range, one or more fractions boiling in the kero / diesel boiling range and a heavy fraction boiling above the kero / diesel boiling range; and,[0006](5) hydrocracking / hydroisomerizing the major part of the heavy fraction obtained in step (4) in the hydrocracking / hydroisomerizing process described in step (1) and / or step (3), in which process the Fischer-Tropsch hydrocarbons stream comprises at least 35 wt % C30+ (based on total amount of hydrocarbons in the Fischer-Tropsch hydrocarbons stream) and in which stream the weight ratio C60+ / C30+ is at least 0.2.
Owner:SHELL USA INC

Method for testing electric secondary AC loop

The invention relates to an electric secondary AC circuit detection method which comprises the following steps: before a power plant machine set is started, a low-voltage short-circuit point or a short-circuit bogie is input; three-phase 380 V voltage is added at the high-voltage side of a booster station to form a circuit by means of the impedance of a transformer and a generator; current amplitude and phase are measured through a current detecting apparatus to check polarity and transformation ratio in advance; all current protective directions such as generator differential motion are measured. When a neutral point is not connected, a short-circuit point is made at a high plant transformer low-voltage side, and the three-phase 380 V voltage is added at the neutral point of the generator, thereby realizing overall checkup of a generator AC circuit; then, the three-phase 380 V voltage is converted into one-phase voltage or two-phase voltage to carry out overall checkup of a zero sequence circuit. The detection method can check all CT and PT circuits of a generation-transformer group before power transmission; moreover, all protection directions of the generation-transformer group are checked in advance, thereby saving time and fuel oil along with economical efficiency, environmental protection and safety. The electric secondary AC circuit detection method can check secondary circuits such as the transformer and the bus differential protection of a transformer substation.
Owner:ELECTRIC POWER RESEARCH INSTITUTE OF STATE GRID SHANDONG ELECTRIC POWER COMPANY +1

Electronic voltage transformer using data fusion technology and error calibration method thereof

ActiveCN102053191AImprove accuracyMeet Online CorrectionVoltage dividersCapacitanceData acquisition
The invention discloses an electronic voltage transformer using data fusion technology and an error calibration method thereof. The error calibration method comprises the following steps of: acquiring a secondary measured voltage by using a capacitive voltage divider and a sampling resistor R, accessing the voltage to a data acquisition processor for sampling, and tracing the frequency of the voltage; accessing a signal of a temperature sensor to the data acquisition processor, and computing the temperatures of measuring points; dynamically computing a divided voltage ratio of the capacitive voltage divider according to the temperature variation of the measuring points by using data acquisition device processing software so as to modify a transformation ratio error of the transformer; dynamically computing phase deviation according to signal frequency variation by using the data acquisition device processing software so as to modify a phase error; and outputting a digital sampling value through an optical fiber interface. The device is simple in structure, safe and practical; errors caused by manufacturing factors, temperature and signal acquisition circuits and the like can be effectively modified and restrained; and the measuring accuracy, temperature stability and transient performance of the electronic voltage transformer according to a capacitive voltage division principle are improved.
Owner:NARI TECH CO LTD +1

High voltage gain bidirectional DC-DC (direct current-direct current) converter based on switching capacitors and coupling inductors

The invention discloses a high voltage gain bidirectional DC-DC (direct current-direct current) converter based on switching capacitors and coupling inductors. The high voltage gain bidirectional DC-DC converter based on the switching capacitors and the coupling inductors is formed by combining Boost convertors, the coupling inductors and the switching capacitors in interleaved mode. An electric circuit of the high voltage gain bidirectional DC-DC converter based on the switching capacitors and the coupling inductors comprises n / 2 coupling inductors T1[L1, L2], T2[L3, L4]... T(n / 2)[L(n-1), Ln], 2n high frequency power switches S1, S2... Sn and Q1, Q2... Qn, N-1 high frequency switching capacitors C1, C2... C(n-1) and two input and output filter capacitors CL and CH. The high voltage gain bidirectional DC-DC converter based on the switching capacitors and the coupling inductors can effectively reduce current stress of a low voltage side power device and voltage stress of a high voltage side power device, further reduces the ripple of an input current and decrease the inductor size by using the coupling inductors, improves efficiency of an exchanger, and achieves bidirectional DC-DC conversion high in efficiency and high in voltage gain. According to high voltage gain bidirectional DC-DC converter based on the switching capacitors and the coupling inductors, an interleaved technology, a magnetic integration technology and a switching capacitor technology are combined, and therefore novel topology of the high voltage gain bidirectional DC-DC converter based on the switching capacitors and the coupling inductors not only has characteristics of being low in ripple of the input current and easy to design in EMT mode of an interleaved converter, but also achieves the purposes that a transformation ratio of input voltage and output voltage is large and switch voltage stress is low.
Owner:TIANJIN UNIV

Biomass quick cracked oil water vapour catforming hydrogen production method

InactiveCN101318622AExtended service lifeSolve the phenomenon of carbon depositionHydrogenCatalytic reformingGas phase
The invention discloses a method by adopting biomass fast pyrolysis oil which carries out two sections of fixed bed reactors and water vapor catalytic reforming for producing hydrogen; the two sections of fixed bed reactors are connected in series, the natural dolomite which is relatively cheap and easily available is taken as catalyst in water vapor reforming reaction at the first section of fixed bed reactor, while the second fixed bed reactor adopts Ni / Mgo as catalyst to further improve the purity and yield of the target product gas. Comparatively high temperature and comparatively high S / C (more than 12) are extremely important for the effective transformation of the biomass pyrolysis oil in the first fixed bed reactor. However, for any temperature point, low mass space velocity can facilitate the increasing of the yield of any gas product and the total gas phase transformation ratio of the biomass oil is increased accordingly. The Ni / MgO catalyst is extremely effective in the purification stage, when S / CH4 is not less than 2 and the temperature is not lower than 800 DEG C, the transformation ratio of methane can reach 100 %. Low mass space velocity can facilitate effective transformation of methane; when mass space velocity is not higher than 3600h<-1>, the potential hydrogen yield can reach 81.1%.
Owner:EAST CHINA UNIV OF SCI & TECH

Encapsulated devices and method of making

A method of encapsulating an environmentally sensitive device. The method includes providing a substrate; placing at least one environmentally sensitive device adjacent to the substrate; and depositing at least one barrier stack adjacent to the environmentally sensitive device, the at least one barrier stack comprising at least one barrier layer and at least one polymeric decoupling layer, wherein the at least one polymeric decoupling layer is made from at least one polymer precursor, and wherein the polymeric decoupling layer has at least one of: a reduced number of polar regions; a high packing density; a reduced number of regions that have bond energies weaker than a C—C covalent bond; a reduced number of ester moieties; increased Mw of the at least one polymer precursor; increased chain length of the at least one polymer precursor; or reduced conversion of C═C bonds. An encapsulated environmentally sensitive device is also described.
Owner:SAMSUNG DISPLAY CO LTD

Piezoelectric MEMS transformer

This disclosure provides implementations of electromechanical systems piezoelectric resonator transformers, devices, apparatus, systems, and related processes. In one aspect, a transformer includes a piezoelectric layer; a first conductive layer arranged over a first surface of the piezoelectric layer including a first set of electrodes and a second set of electrodes interdigitated with the first set. The transformer includes a second conductive layer arranged over a second surface including at least a third set of electrodes. In some implementations, the transformer includes a first port capable of receiving an input signal and to which the first set of electrodes are coupled, and a second port capable of being coupled to a load and of outputting an output signal, the second set of electrodes being coupled to the second port. Generally, a ratio of the number of electrodes of the second set to the first set characterizes a transformation ratio.
Owner:SNAPTRACK

Optical fiber current transformer for three-phase common super-fluorescence optical fiber light source

InactiveCN102128967AReduce ratio errorReduce lossVoltage/current isolationFluorescenceWaveguide
The embodiment of the invention provides an optical fiber current transformer for a three-phase common super-fluorescence optical fiber light source SFS; the current transformer comprises a super-fluorescence optical fiber light source SFS, a 1*3 single-mould coupler, a three-port single-module circulator, a Y waveguide integrated optical phase modulator, a polarization beam splitter, a polarization-maintaining delay line, a 1 / 4 wave plate, a sensing optical fiber, a reflection mirror, an optical-electric detector, a light source driving circuit and a signal processing unit, wherein the lightemitted by the super-fluorescence optical fiber light source is divided into three parts through the 1*3 single-mould coupler for respectively providing the light power input to each phase transformer; and the combination of the three-port single-mould circulator, the Y waveguide integrated optical phase modulator and the polarization beam splitter is adopted to realize the low consumption designof the optical path. The transformation ratio error of the transformer caused by the central wavelength shifting of the light source can be reduced through the current transformer, the demand for thelight source temperature control precision is reduced, and the service life of the transformer is prolonged; moreover, the optical fiber current transformer has small optical path consumption, high signal optical utilization ratio and relatively lower requirement for the light source output power with the same signal to noise ratio demand.
Owner:BEIHANG UNIV

High-precision high-reliability and all-fiber current transformer

The invention belongs to the technical field of all-fiber current transformers, and particularly relates to a high-precision high-reliability and all-fiber current transformer. A redundancy design method adopting active optical devices is applied so that output optical power of light source units is enabled to be more stable and stability of light source average wavelength is enhanced. A depolarization head is additionally arranged in an optical path system so that stability and measurement precision of the optical path system can be enhanced. Two beams of light are converted into electric signals to be transmitted to a signal processing unit by utilizing correlation of output light of the two output ends of a second single-mode coupler through a digital signal processing unit, and suppression of light source intensity noise is realized by utilizing a digital circuit subtraction method so that signal-to-noise ratio is enhanced and measurement precision of the system is enhanced. A low birefringence optical fiber Verdet constant and a transformation ratio error generated by change of wave plate phase delay along with temperature are enabled to be mutually compensated via an all-fiber current transformer transformation ratio temperature error automatic compensation technology so that full-temperature measurement precision of the system is enhanced.
Owner:BEIJING AUTOMATION CONTROL EQUIP INST

Automatic measurement range switching device of electronic current transformer

The invention relates to an automatic measurement range switching device of an electronic current transformer, which comprises a current sensor, a single-pole two-throw electronic changeover switch, an A / D converter and a microprocessor. The two outputs with different transformation ratios of the current sensor are both connected with one input end of the electronic changeover switch, the output of the electronic changeover switch is converted to digital quantity through the A / D converter and then read-in by the input end of the microprocessor, and the measurement range control output end of the microprocessor is connected with the changeover control end of the electronic changeover switch. The automatic measurement range switching device provided by the invention can conduct automatic switchover according to the signal variation amplitude; and in case of low current, the A / D converter adopts large measurement input to increase signal-to-noise ratio, and in case of heavy current, the switch is switched to protecting signal input to ensure large A / D input range. Through the use of the automatic measurement range switching device, the electronic current transformer can use the same A / D channel to realize high precision and large-range measurement at the same time, so as to enhance the antijamming capability of small signals.
Owner:西安华伟光电技术有限公司

Parallel inverter current control method adopting voltage differential compensation

The invention discloses a parallel inverter current control method adopting voltage differential compensation, which comprises: adopting a LCL wave filter composed by capacitor and damping resistor in series connection to connect with a PWM inverter and power network; adopting a current transmitter to detect the current in the inductor on the power network side of the wave filter and obtain power network current signal; adopting a piezoelectric sender to detect the capacitor branch voltage of the wave filter and obtain current compensation signal by the RC differential circuit; combining the two signals into one signal as a feedback signal for current control of the inverter; comparing with the control given signal of the power network current to obtain error signal; and adjusting and controlling the output of the PWM inverter by proportional integration, wherein, the transformation ratio of the piezoelectric sender and the RC differential time constant are determined by the LCL wave filter parameter. Compared with conventional current feedback control methods, the invention can reduce the damping resistance of the LCL wave filter, thereby reduce the loss caused by damping resistance and improves the ability of the wave filter for inhibiting the ripple current of the inversion switch.
Owner:ZHEJIANG UNIV

Proportional balancing method for voltage of energy storage device and circuit

The invention discloses a method and circuit for proportional balancing of voltage of an energy storage device (4), and is used for proportional balancing of voltages on both ends of the energy storage device (4). The method has the steps of :firstly, executing two-way isolation transform for voltage of the energy storage device (4) by the balancing module (3) according to a certain transformation ratio k, then using a balancing line to cause all voltages transformed by the balancing module (3) to connect in a parallel connection, thereby equalizing all voltages transformed by the balancing module (3). When the ratio of the energy storage device (4) to the balancing line voltage is greater than the transformation ratio k of the balancing module (3), the energy flows to the balancing line from the energy storage device (4); when the ratio of the energy storage device (4) to the balancing line voltage is less than the transformation ratio k of the balancing module (3), the energy flows to energy storage device (4) from the balancing line. Ultimately, every ratio of every energy storage device (4) to every balancing line voltage is close to or equal to the transformation ratio k of the balancing module (3), thereby keeping every terminal voltage of every energy storage device (4) in a certain ratio.
Owner:王创社

Resonance converter with voltage regulation and method of driving variable loads

In a resonance converter for driving variable loads at first an input signal provided by a switch controlled by control means is converted to an output signal by a transformer. The transformer is dimensioned and connected such that a downward transformation ratio between input signal and output signal is between 5:1 and 100:1 when providing nominal power to the variable load. The switching frequency of the switch is controlled on the basis of a phase shift between a switch current and a load current at variable load and / or variable input voltage, a quantity dependent on the input voltage, as well as a quantity dependent on the output voltage. The inventive resonance converter further enables driving variable loads efficiently with the aid of a transformer.
Owner:INFINEON TECH AG +1

High-transformation ratio isolated solar charging controller with MPPT function

The invention relates to a charging controller technology, in particular to a high-transformation ratio isolated solar charging controller with a maximum power point tracking (MPPT) function. The controller comprises a microprocessor, a pulse width modulation (PWM) unit and a switching tube unit, and also comprises a first voltage sampling circuit, a first current detection circuit, a second voltage sampling circuit, an isolation driving circuit and a high-frequency switching transformer, wherein the first voltage sampling circuit is used for sampling an output voltage of a solar battery; thefirst current detection circuit is used for sampling an output current of the solar battery; and the second voltage sampling circuit is used for sampling a voltage of a storage battery. The controller can realize dual intelligent charging control of MPPT+ system on chip (SOC); moreover, the controller can avoid a breakdown accident and a thermal damage accident of the switching tube when the output voltage of the solar battery is very high but the voltage level of the storage battery configured by a user is very low; therefore, the controller is suitable for solar power generation systems, such as an amorphous silicon membrane solar battery power generation system, with a very high solar battery output voltage and a very low storage battery voltage level.
Owner:EAST GRP CO LTD

Preparation of transparent film for improving optoelectronic transformation efficiency of solar photovoltaic battery

The invention discloses a preparation method of a transparency film used for increasing photoelectric conversion efficiency of a solar photovoltaic cell. The transparency film used for increasing photoelectric conversion efficiency of the solar photovoltaic cell comprises: (1) at least one down conversion agent A; (2) at least one up conversion agent B; (3) at least one up and down conversion agent C; (4) at least three visible light arousing long afterglow light conversion agent D, E, F; (5) a matrix resin (polyethylene, polystyrene or polyvinyl chloride); (6) an ageing resistant consistent with above materials (1), (2), (3), (4) and (5). The transparency film used for increasing photoelectric conversion efficiency of the solar photovoltaic cell is provided with the characteristics of optical conversion and noctilucence, and is lasting and stable, can cause the common photovoltaic cell to make use of solar for longer time and more effectively, and mostly can improve the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the common photovoltaic cell more than 30%, namely can cause the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the common photovoltaic cell to achieve more than 22%.
Owner:徐耀平 +2

Common mode noise and differential mode noise separator for conductive electromagnetic interference noise

The invention discloses a common mode noise and differential mode noise separator used for conductive electromagnetic interfere noise, which comprises a radio-frequency transformer (T) with a centretap and with transformation ratio of 2:1, a common mode choke (L), a differential mode filter capacitor (C) and a double-pole double-throw switch; the separator is characterized in that the differential mode filter capacitor (C) is connected with the primary side of the radio-frequency transformer (T) in parallel, a common mode output is connected at the centretap of the primary side of the radio-frequency transformer (T); secondary sides of the radio-frequency transformer (T) are connected with two output ends of the common mode choke (L) respectively; a differential mode signal is output via an output end of the common mode choke (L), meanwhile, the other end of the common mode choke (L) is grounded and forms a circuit; the double-pole double-throw switch controls the opening and closing of a parallel circuit of the radio-frequency transformer (T) and the differential mode filter capacitor (C) and a coupling loop of the radio-frequency transformer (T) and the common mode choke (L); The double-pole double-throw switch puts through S1 and the common mode is output, which is called a common mode separator. The double-pole double-throw switch puts through S2 and the differential mode is output, which is called a differential mode separator.
Owner:NANJING NORMAL UNIVERSITY

Single-switch high-gain direct current boost converter

The invention discloses a single-switch high-gain direct current boost converter, comprising one direct current input power supply source, one power switch tube, one boost inductor, one coupling inductor with two windings, five one-way rectifier diodes, three middle storage capacitors and one output filter capacitor. Compared with the existing direct current boost converter, the single-switch high-gain direct current boost converter has the characteristics of a larger boost transformation ratio under the condition of the same duty ratio, small input current ripple waves, the low voltage stress of the switch tube, a simple structure, convenient control and flexibility and the like, thereby being quite applicable for power generation systems of renewable energy source such as photovoltaic cells or fuel cells, with good application and popularization prospect.
Owner:ANHUI UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY

Power grid reactive power optimization method considering reactive power compensation cost of distributed power supply

The invention belongs to the technical field of power grid operation and distribution, in particular to a power grid reactive power optimization method considering a reactive power compensation cost of a distributed power supply. The power grid reactive power optimization method comprises the steps of: analyzing a reactive power service cost of the distributed power supply, collecting technical parameters of the distributed power supply, and establishing a distributed power supply reactive power service cost model; considering a node voltage constraint condition and an adjustable transformer transformation ratio constraint condition, and establishing a power grid multi-target reactive power optimization model taking minimum operation cost and minimum voltage deviation as objective functions while taking economical efficiency and safety into account; and solving the reactive power optimization model by adopting a non-dominated ranking genetic algorithm, and solving the optimal reactive power output of the distributed power supply in an optimal solution set by adopting a TOPSIS method. The power grid reactive power optimization method makes economic compensation for reactive power service of the distributed power supply, increases the income of operators while making a reactive power optimization scheduling method of the power grid more flexible, greatly reduces active grid loss and the voltage deviation of the power grid, and is conductive to increasing the economical efficiency and safety of power grid operation.
Owner:NORTH CHINA ELECTRIC POWER UNIV (BAODING) +1

Process for treating water by a nanofiltration or reverse osmosis membrane system enabling high conversion rates due to the elimination of organic matter

The invention relates to a process for treating freshwater, sea water, brackish water or water exiting a drinking water treatment plant containing organic matter, with a view to the potabilization thereof, recycling thereof, desalination thereof, or with a view to the purification thereof for an industrial application, said process comprising at least a first step (11) of filtration, by a nanofiltration or reverse osmosis, of a flow coming in from a primary treatment step (10) and a second step (13) of filtration, by nanofiltration or reverse osmosis, of a concentrate coming from said first filtration step (11). According to the invention, such a process comprises a step (12, 12′) of intermediate treatment that includes a biological and / or oxidation treatment and / or a coagulation at low pH of said concentrate coming from said first filtration step (11) and / or of said concentrate coming from said second filtration step (13).
Owner:VEOLIA WATER SOLUTIONS & TECH SUPPORT

Integrated test stand for transformers

The invention relates to an integrated test stand for transformers, which comprises a test stand body, a CPU (central processing unit), a keyboard, a liquid crystal display, a switch control circuit, a test wiring switching circuit, a bushing end shield grounding terminal, a wireless communication module, a remote controller, an LED display and an LED alarm lamp screen. The integrated test stand has the advantages that (1), a wire outlet terminal of a winding of a transformer can be automatically switched onto corresponding testing equipment according to testing items, equipment side wiring and instrument side wiring do not need to be changed, required testing staffs are few, testing time is short, and operation is safe; and (2), the testing items for insulating resistance of the winding, dielectric loss of the winding, direct-current resistance of the winding, low-voltage short-circuit impedance, on-load switch recording, transformation ratio of the winding, bushing testing and the like of the transformer can be completed by one-step wiring.
Owner:STATE GRID CORP OF CHINA +1

Method for coproduction of xylose, lignin and ethanol from corncobs

The invention discloses a method for the coproduction of xylose, lignin and ethanol from corncobs in the technical field of biochemical industry, comprising the following steps of: 1) hydrolyzing the corncobs under an acidic condition to obtain xylose solution and acidolysis residues; 2) performing alkaline liquor / alcohol extraction on the acidolysis residues to obtain lignin and lignin-free residues; 3) taking the lignin-free residues as an enzymolysis zymolyte, adding enzymolysis buffer solution, and performing enzymolysis using cellulase, thereby obtaining enzymolysis mixed solution; and 4) fermenting the enzymolysis mixed solution to produce ethanol solution. The method of coproduction of the invention comprehensively utilizes three components of the corncobs to obtain high value-added xylose and lignin products; and the cellulose content in the enzymolysis substrate is increased and the accessibility of the cellulase is improved, so that high transformation ratio of cellulose enzymolysis is realized. The method causes the utilization ratio of the lignocellulose raw material to be increased and the production cost of the cellulose ethanol to be reduced.
Owner:TSINGHUA UNIV

Harmonic wave measuring and correcting method for capacitor voltage transformer through transformation ratio fitting

ActiveCN105388444ASolve the problem that it cannot be applied to harmonic measurementsExpand application bandwidthElectrical measurementsWave measureCapacitor voltage
The invention brings forward a harmonic wave measuring and correcting method for capacitor voltage transformers through transformation ratio fitting. The method includes the steps: establishing a consistent equivalent circuit for capacitor voltage transformers with the same voltage level, conducting fitting according to equivalent circuit component parameters of a preset model, obtaining a transformation ratio amplitude-frequency response curve and a phase frequency response characteristic curve, adjusting the curves through a translation method or the like on the basis of a fitting result for different equivalent circuit component parameters of other models, and finally realizing correction. The wideband characteristics of capacitor voltage transformers are taken as standards for the actual transformation ratio of the capacitor voltage transformers, a measurement result of the capacitor voltage transformers is corrected at the harmonic frequency, and the problem that capacitor voltage transformers cannot be applied to harmonic wave measurement is solved. The harmonic wave measuring and correcting method is simple in calculation, exhibits the real-time performance, and enables the application bandwidth of capacitor voltage transformers to be increased.
Owner:WUHAN UNIV

DC-DC converter additionally provided with buffer and method for reducing backflow power

The invention discloses a DC-DC converter additionally provided with a buffer and a method for reducing the backflow power. Buffer capacitors are respectively connected to IGBT power switching tubes of the DC-DC converter in parallel so as to form a buffer. The flowing direction of power is controlled according to the demand for power of the left side and the right side of the dual-active-bride DC-DC converter, the output power and the backflow power are defined, soft switching conditions under different voltage transformation ratios K are analyzed and compared by adopting a double phase shiftcontrol method, and a transmission power limit and an optimal backflow power control program are calculated and optimized. The backflow power at the right side is used for charging an inductor and the backflow power at the right side is taken as a control target in the control. According to the method, the DC-DC converter deploys a buffer on a power switch, thereby effectively improving the performance of the converter, suppressing the overvoltage peak, reducing EMI (electromagnetic interference), and reducing the loss of the power switching tubes. Compared with the adoption of a single phaseshift method, the adoption of the double phase shift control method has the advantages that the backflow power of the converter is significantly reduced and stabilized, the application prospect is very wide, and popularization is carried out easily.
Owner:SICHUAN UNIV

Calcium transformation ratio increasing method in sheep bone using enzymolysis and fermentation

InactiveCN101422249AImprove conversion rateExcellent Calcium Supplement Raw MaterialsFungiFermentationHuman bodyFermentation
The invention relates to a method for improving the conversion rate of calcium in sheep bone by jointly utilizing enzymolysis and fermentation, comprising the following steps: 1) enzymolysis liquid of the sheep bone is prepared; 2) strains are activated; 3) the strains are acclimatized; and 4) the enzymolysis liquid of the sheep bone is fermented. The method can greatly increase the conversion rate of calcium in sheep bone, thus improving the effective utilization of calcium in sheep bone by human body. The product prepared by the method is a superior and effective raw material for enriching calcium. The raw material can be processed into foods, drinks or health care preparations through various conventional methods.
Owner:TIANJIN AGRICULTURE COLLEGE

Magnetic suspension counteraction flyback motor control system

The invention relates to a magnetic suspension reaction fly-wheel motor control system, which is mainly composed of a Cuk ascending and descending pressure converter, a permanent magnet brushless direct current motor, a three-phase star type half bridge, a digital controller, an energy consumption unit and other components. The system sends a detected position signal to the digital controller through a position measurement device, and the detected position signal is transformed into a PWM signal through the digital controller and is output to control the transformation ratio of the Cuk ascending and descending pressure converter, and the phase conversion and the speed adjustment of the energy consumption unit and the permanent magnet brushless direct current motor. The magnetic suspension reaction fly-wheel motor control system can carry out ascending and descending pressure conversion to steady direct current power supply voltage and can drive the permanent magnet brushless direct current motor according to rotation speed changes on rear time under the condition that input voltage is not changed, the phase conversion of the permanent magnet brushless direct current motor is controlled by the three-phase star type half bridge, the system dynamic performance is improved through increasing the output force moment factors of the permanent magnet brushless direct current motor and expanding the maximum accelerating moment of a magnetic suspension reaction fly wheel, simultaneously, total power consumption is not increased, and the magnetic suspension reaction fly-wheel motor control system has important application value to aerospace crafts with limited electric energy.
Owner:BEIHANG UNIV
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