The invention provides a photovoltaic grid connected inverter island detection method based on negative sequence current injection, belonging to the technical field of power system relay protection and automatic control. According to the method, an inverter is started to inject negative sequence current when a voltage harmonic distortion rate is larger than a fixed value, common connection point voltage unbalanced degree and voltage harmonic distortion rate are detected, when both the common connection point voltage unbalanced degree and the voltage harmonic distortion rate are larger than the respective fixed value and the duration time exceeds a set time, the generation of island is determined, and the rapid detection of the island is realized. According to the method, the setting difficulty of a criterion is reduced, the improvement of the detection speed is facilitated, the interference on a power grid is reduced as much as possible in the condition that the normal operation is ensured, the influence of a power grid asymmetrical fault is avoided, and there is no detection blind area. The simulation verification is carried out in the condition that the island detection is most not facilitated, and an island operation state still can be rapidly and accurately detected according to the method. A good method is provided for the operation withdrawal of a distributed power supply in the island or the turning of power grid connected operation into island operation control mode power system safe operation and the detection.