The invention discloses a peak regulation controller and method for a large-scale energy storage power station based on ANFIS short-term load forecast, and the controller comprises a peak regulation main station module and an energy storage substation module connected with the peak regulation main station module. The peak regulation main station module comprises a floating-point calculation processor, an FPGA processor, a CAN communication interface, a power module, a display module, an RAM storage unit, a scheduling network port, and a key. The floating-point calculation processor is connected with the FPGA processor, and the CAN communication interface and the key are connected with the floating-point calculation processor. The power module is connected with the floating-point calculation processor and the FPGA processor. The display module, the RAM storage unit and the scheduling network port are connected to the FPGA processor. The controller can estimate the comprehensive charge level of an energy storage power station in real time, achieves the prediction of a regional grid load, achieves the coordinative control of the charging and discharging power of a plurality of groups of energy storage batteries in the power station, gives full play to the quick and flexible power throughput capability of the large-scale energy storage power station, participates in the peak-load shifting of a power grid, and effectively alleviates the peak-load shifting pressure. Meanwhile, the controller optimizes the charge level of the energy storage batteries, avoids the overcharge and overdischarge faults, and prolongs the service life of the batteries.