This invention discloses an early warning method and
system for high and
low voltage switchgear, belonging to the field of
power system automation. The method includes: constructing a multi-dimensional sensing network to collect multi-source heterogeneous data such as temperature rise,
partial discharge, mechanical characteristics, and environmental conditions in real time; preprocessing the data and aligning it with spatiotemporal features, and dynamically correcting the sensitivity threshold of the
partial discharge criterion based on
humidity or pressure change rate; extracting multi-dimensional fault feature vectors and dynamically assigning weights to each component according to operating conditions and environmental conditions; inputting the weighted feature vectors into a long short-
term memory network integrating an attention mechanism to generate a multi-timescale predicted trajectory of the operating state; comparing the predicted trajectory with preset multi-level state thresholds in real time, and executing a three-level early warning judgment (attention, abnormal, and severe) and corresponding linkage protection strategies. This invention can reduce the risk of false alarms and missed alarms, providing reliable support for the intelligent operation and maintenance of high and
low voltage switchgear.