The invention discloses a reconfigurable microcomputer protection development platform based on an FPGA. The development platform is characterized by comprising an FPGA chip supporting a Microblaze soft core, an internal storage, an external storage, a parallel interface FRAM, a cache, an AD converter, a hardware frequency measurement circuit, a watchdog circuit, a level shifter, a real-time clock, an external communication interface, an internal communication interface and an Ethernet interface, wherein the external storage, the parallel interface FRAM, the cache, the AD converter, the hardware frequency measurement circuit, the watchdog circuit, the level shifter, the real-time clock, the external communication interface, the internal communication interface and the Ethernet interface are respectively connected with the FPGA chip through AXI buses; logical decoding and protection calculation are fused together, and work efficiency is improved greatly. Logic control is encapsulated to an independent IP core according to a functional unit, the IP core is provided with a simple command interface, accordingly, complex procedures are simplified, complicated operations on an external device can be completed through an application software program only via command words, and programming is simplified. The functional unit having high requirements for the speed and real-time performance is achieved through hardware description languages, the characteristics of parallel computation and access according to positions of the FPGA are fully utilized, and the requirement for protecting the speed and real-time performance of the platform is achieved.