The invention provides a method for separating and culturing pituitary gland cells of a rat. The method comprises steps as follows: (1), an 8d male SD rat is selected and subjected to anesthesia execution; (2), the anesthetized rat is fixed on a board with the ventral side facing upwards, the pituitary gland of the rat is taken out under the sterile condition, put in a pre-cooled PBS (poly(butylene succinate)) liquid and washed repeatedly, bloodstain is removed, and pituitary gland envelope is removed; (3), the pituitary gland is cut into 1 mm*1 mm fragments by ophthalmic scissors in the pre-cooled PBS liquid under the sterile condition; (4), pre-heated III type collagenase is combined with neutral enzyme for mixed digestion; (5), the digestion is stopped, filtering is performed, a filtrate is collected and centrifuged, a supernatant is abandoned, a culture medium is added for resuspension, and the operation is repeated three times; (6), a 24-hole culture plate is inoculated with cells for culture; (7), the cells cultured for 7d are subjected to trypsin digestion and then are purified by a screen again, a supernatant is abandoned after centrifugation, the cells are resuspended, and the treated culture plate is inoculated with the cells; (8), the cells are subjected to cell immunofluorescence identification. The method for separating and culturing the pituitary gland cells of the rat is simple to operate, the obtained pituitary gland cells are high in survival rate and good in activity, can be used for establishing a cell experimental model in vitro and meet the requirement of pituitary gland cell experiments.