44 results about "Impact velocity" patented technology

The invention relates to the technical field of numerical simulation of rock dynamics, in particular to a numerical simulation method and system for the whole process of ore rock fracture based on FDEM impact loads.The method comprises the steps that a continuous medium structure is discretized into a finite element network composed of triangular units through FDEM, and an ore rock impact test model is constructed; setting material parameters and impact speed boundary conditions according to the ore rock impact test model; a normal contact force calculation model and a tangential contact force calculation model are established according to material parameters and impact speed boundary conditions, and coordinates and speed updating results of triangular unit nodes are obtained in combination with the Newton second law and the calculation models; and performing visual analysis based on the coordinate and speed updating result, and outputting crack propagation, stress field and energy evolution results under the impact load. The method can accurately simulate the crack propagation, the fracture mode and the energy evolution law of the ore rock under the impact load, quantitatively researches the crushing characteristics and the energy evolution law of the ore rock, and provides a calculation method for the research of the crushing mechanism of the ore rock.

The invention provides a coal body strain synchronous in-situ monitoring device and method based on true triaxial impact, and relates to the field of coal body dynamic testing and structural damage monitoring. Comprising a sample bearing module, an impact loading module, an internal fiber bragg grating dynamic strain monitoring module, a surface strain gauge monitoring module, a synchronous data acquisition module, a microscopic crack detection module and a macroscopic failure analysis module, the impact loading module is used for applying a transient impact load with a set impact speed to the gas-solid coupling coal sample, and the internal fiber bragg grating dynamic strain monitoring module is embedded with at least one fiber bragg grating sensing grating point along three mutually orthogonal directions of the gas-solid coupling coal sample respectively. The damage evolution mechanism of the gas-solid coupling coal body under the high strain rate condition is disclosed, and a means is provided for risk analysis of the rock burst-coal and gas outburst hybrid power disaster.

Exemplary embodiments of apparatus and methods for remotely and explosively cutting the casing of a UXO and separating the fuzing components from the main charge in the UXO. A remote explosive separation tool creates a Linear Explosively Formed Projectile (LEFP) charge to separate fuzing components from live explosive threats in UXO, for example only, a 155 mm artillery round. The tool functions by explosively deforming a copper liner into a linear projectile or penetrator which then impacts the UXO casing. The speed of impact enables the fuzing elements of the UXO to be removed from the main charge of the UXO either by directly cutting the fuze elements off or by imparting the fuze elements with enough momentum such that they break off. The process of dismembering the fuze elements occurs without detonating the main charge of the UXO. The tool may be remotely placed by an unmanned vehicle.

Shock struts are provided that include a first energy absorbing stage or first load limiter and a second energy absorbing stage or second load limiter. The second energy absorbing stage or second load limiter can include one or more disc springs (205). The shock struts can be used in both fixed and retractable landing gear while providing design tunability for obtaining a load-deflection curve that accommodates a range of descent or impact velocities.

The application discloses a kind of surface nanocrystalline powder metalling device, including infiltration tank, transmission mechanism and clamping mechanism, it is characterized in that, the transmission mechanism is by fixed frame, input shaft, first bevel gear, second bevel gear and third bevel gear are formed, the infiltration tank is by left end cover, tank body and right end cover are formed, tank body inner surface is evenly provided with baffle, heating plate is arranged between tank body and heat preservation box, rotating shaft in tank body is provided with left sealing plate, right sealing plate and clamping mechanism, workpiece is installed on clamping mechanism, projectile and infiltrant are arranged between left sealing plate and right sealing plate, the linear velocity of projectile is 2.5~10m / s, the radius r of tank body and projectile linear velocity satisfy formula, beneficial to transmission mechanism so that tank body and rotating shaft produce reverse rotation, increase the relative impact velocity of projectile and workpiece, make plastic deformation on the surface of workpiece and form nanometer layer, effectively solve the problem that material after nanocrystallization pretreatment faces in heat expansion infiltration process.

The application discloses a kind of one-dimensional force electric characteristics of concrete test piece and system, it is related to the cross field of detection and intelligent sensing technology of civil engineering material dynamic mechanical property.Testing method includes the following steps: S1: using one-dimensional Hopkinson pressure rod experimental device to the concrete test piece pre-embedded piezoelectric sensor is axially impacted loading, obtains incident wave signal, reflection wave signal and transmission wave signal;The current and voltage corresponding to the resistance obtained in parallel to the two ends of piezoelectric sensor;S2: obtaining the one-dimensional stress-strain curve of concrete test piece;S3: based on current and voltage, the charge amount generated by piezoelectric sensor is obtained;S4: the impact velocity of impact rod is changed and the stress-charge amount variation curve is obtained by repeating steps S1-S3.Getting the axial stress of concrete test piece and the charge amount output by piezoelectric sensor simultaneously, constructs stress-charge amount relationship curve, realizes the quantitative calibration of dynamic sensitivity.

This invention discloses a quantitative analysis method for the impact characteristics of a forging hammer based on a pulse function. The invention includes: obtaining the formula for the average impact force, as follows: ; obtaining the integral formula for the average impact force based on the unit pulse function and the formula for the average impact force; obtaining the expression for the peak impact force based on the pulse peak factor, rebound coefficient, and influence coefficient, as follows: , where is the peak impact force, is the influence coefficient, is the pulse peak factor, is the hammer mass, is the hammer impact velocity, is the mass ratio, is the reciprocal of the mass ratio, and is the base mass, which includes the mass of the equipment and the foundation. This invention solves the problem of large calculation errors in the impact force of forging hammers in related technologies.

The invention discloses a method for determining the weakest bird strike part of a fan rotor blade of an aero-engine. The method comprises the following steps: acquiring blade parameters, setting the axial relative speed of a bird body and the radial rotation radius of a strike position, establishing a fan blade bird strike mathematical model, and outputting the relative strike speed between the bird body and the blade; setting bird body parameters, constructing a cylindrical bird body model, and calculating the maximum bird body impact mass; calculating impact kinetic energy in combination with the relative impact speed; constructing bird strike equivalent stress, obtaining standard bird strike equivalent stress, and drawing a standard equivalent stress C-R distribution curve; and in the C-R distribution curve, the position of the radial rotation radius corresponding to the maximum equivalent stress on the blade is determined as the weakest bird impact part. According to the method, quick and quantitative identification of the weak bird impact area of the fan blade under various flight conditions is realized, the design of a bird impact resistant structure and the formulation of a whole machine bird swallowing test scheme can be effectively guided, and the method is high in engineering practicability, high in analysis efficiency and wide in adaptability.

This invention discloses an electromagnetic pulse welding coil for welding tubular metals. The electromagnetic pulse welding coil is arranged circumferentially along a driving tube. The driving tube can obtain Lorentz force through electromagnetic induction of the electromagnetic pulse welding coil, providing the impact velocity for welding. The electromagnetic pulse welding coil is composed of several circumferentially connected "convex"-shaped structures. The "convex"-shaped structures are arranged with an inward rotation of 90°, and the wide end at the outer end has a notch. One side of the notch is connected to the other side of the notch of the adjacent "convex"-shaped structure through a connecting block, thereby connecting all the "convex"-shaped structures into a whole, forming a ring structure around the driving tube. This invention has the advantages of significantly improving the electromagnetic energy utilization efficiency, increasing electromagnetic energy, and being applicable to electromagnetic pulse welding of difficult-to-deform metals.

The invention relates to an impact speed mechanical sensor applied to a severe environment, and relates to the field of sensors, the impact speed mechanical sensor comprises a shell, an upper cover plate, an inner core and a force sensor, the force sensor is placed at the bottom of the shell, and a plurality of groups of square strips which are different in length and made of super-viscoelastic and super-elastic materials are arranged in the inner core at intervals; the inner core is placed on the force sensor, the upper cover plate is placed on the inner core and is in sliding connection with the shell, and the device has the advantages that impact signals can be converted into visual information or force signals only through a mechanical structure, and the device can be widely applied to impact monitoring scenes with high requirements for reliability and environmental adaptability.

The invention relates to the technical field of welding, and provides a method for eliminating welding stress of high-strength steel and a removing device and system. The method comprises the steps that S1, welded high-strength steel is fixed, so that the flatness error of a plane corresponding to a welding seam of the welded high-strength steel meets a set threshold value; the strength of the high-strength steel is greater than or equal to 1500MPa; s2, based on the strength of the high-strength steel, impact parameters of the stress removing device are configured, and the impact parameters at least comprise the amplitude of an impact head, the impact frequency of the impact head, the impact speed and the diameter of an impact needle; and S3, a stress removing device is adopted for impacting the thermal response area of the weld joint according to a preset strategy so as to eliminate residual stress generated after high-strength steel welding. The technical defect that the fatigue life of a high-strength welding part is poor due to the fact that the welding stress is too large after the high-strength steel is welded is overcome.

A method for constructing a mathematical model of critical impact energy of a reinforced concrete pier column, comprising: (1) establishing a two-degree-of-freedom mass-spring-damper motion equation of the reinforced concrete pier column under drop hammer impact; (2) obtaining equivalent resistance stiffness and failure displacement of the reinforced concrete pier column by applying a nonlinear cross-section fiber finite element model, and taking into account impact strain rate effect; (3) solving the two-degree-of-freedom mass-spring-damper motion equation under different impact velocities to obtain a velocity-displacement curve and critical impact energy of the pier column under impact; (4) calculating the critical impact energy under different axial compression ratios and longitudinal reinforcement ratios; and (5) establishing a mathematical model of critical impact energy of the reinforced concrete pier column. The mathematical model of critical impact energy of the reinforced concrete pier column constructed by the method truly reflects the limit capacity of the reinforced concrete pier column under impact load, and can provide a reference for rapid evaluation of the limit impact resistance bearing capacity of reinforced concrete.

The invention discloses a runner wear-resistant method and system by controlling the particle impact speed, and the method can effectively reduce the impact speed of solid particles on runner blades to be below a material critical value, obviously alleviate the abrasion damage, prolong the service life of a runner, and improve the wear resistance of the runner. And the lubricating oil has good working condition adaptability and synergistic application potential with the existing anti-wear technology.

The present application provides a portable device and a method for relieving the impact force of a pump station flap, which comprises: an inertia disc for containing fluid sheared with a brake vane, the inertia disc being interference fitted with a fixed shaft of the pump station flap; a surface of the inertia disc facing the pump station flap is concave to form a containing cavity I for containing fluid; a fluid filler receiving box for providing fluid, which is provided with a containing cavity II in communication with the containing cavity I, the volume of the containing cavity II being adjustable; a transmission turntable for driving the brake vane to do centrifugal motion, the transmission turntable being arranged in the containing cavity I of the inertia disc; one end of the brake vane is hinged to a surface of the transmission turntable, and the other end is a free end; a resistance reset unit for prolonging the action time of the brake vane with the fluid and resetting the brake vane in the radial direction; and a sealing plate for sealing the surface of the inertia disc facing the pump station flap. The present application can slow down the impact speed of the pump station flap and reduce the impact force of the pump station flap on the door seat when the pump station flap is closed.

The invention relates to the field of ocean engineering and hydrodynamics, and discloses a method and device for evaluating the impact load of a deep sea density flow on a structure, and the method comprises the steps: constructing a computational fluid dynamics two-phase flow model, simulating the transient impact of the deep sea density flow on the structure under the conditions of different initial impact heights, impact speeds and Reynolds numbers based on the two-phase model, and calculating the impact load of the deep sea density flow on the structure. Obtaining a resistance time travel curve of the structure; the peak resistance coefficient of the offshore structure is determined after the limit peak resistance and the maximum acting height of the density flow are extracted from the resistance time history curve; determining a load analysis model based on the peak resistance coefficient, the limit peak resistance, the maximum acting height of the density flow, the speed and the density; and determining an impact load result of the deep sea density flow on the offshore structure based on the load analysis model. According to the scheme, actual measurement does not need to be carried out every time in actual engineering application, the load result can be obtained based on impact load model analysis, and the evaluation efficiency of the impact effect of the deep sea landslide on the fan pile foundation is improved.

The invention discloses an aero-engine fan blade foreign matter impact detection device, and relates to the technical field of aero-engine performance detection.The technical scheme includes that the aero-engine fan blade foreign matter impact detection device comprises a detection unit, a foreign matter emission unit and a linkage unit, and the detection unit comprises an electricity guiding device connecting socket, a camera connecting socket, a high-speed detection camera and a controller connecting plug; the foreign object launching unit comprises a feeding mechanism, a low-speed launching mechanism, a high-speed launching mechanism and an air cylinder, the linkage unit can switch any launching mechanism to be connected with the air cylinder, the air cylinder can store energy for the connected launching mechanism, and the low-speed launching mechanism and the high-speed launching mechanism can launch materials in the feeding mechanism after storing energy. According to the fan blade impact detection device, through the arrangement of the overall structure, the influence of different impact speeds on fan blades can be detected, and the detection result is more accurate.

The application discloses a kind of instrumented impact testing machine dynamic force sensor calibration method based on double-pulse method, standard cuboid sample is generated by using pendulum impact standard, and standard double-pulse force can be traced to sample attribute (sample size, mass and Young's modulus) and pendulum impact velocity (or pendulum effective length) above, and then the calibration method of instrumented impact testing machine dynamic force sensor is traced to source;Propose a kind of design method for the sample required for the sweep frequency calibration of instrumented impact testing machine dynamic force sensor, to achieve the purpose of sweep frequency calibration of instrumented impact testing machine dynamic force sensor.This method can stably, reliably and quickly realize the high-frequency calibration of instrumented impact testing machine dynamic force sensor under the premise of effectively ensuring calibration accuracy, and fills the blank of existing instrumented impact testing machine dynamic force sensor calibration method.

The invention belongs to the technical field of geological disaster protection engineering, and discloses a reinforced concrete slab damage evaluation method based on an M-V curve, and the method comprises the steps: determining related design parameters of a reinforced concrete slab; defining the threshold values of the four damage degrees of mild damage, moderate damage, severe damage and complete failure; calculating critical values M0 and V0 of four damage degrees in the M-V curve; drawing an M-V curve; scanning side slope characteristics, simulating a side slope rockfall movement track, and obtaining a plurality of groups of rockfall mass and impact speed combinations; determining the damage grade of the reinforced concrete slab according to the actual rockfall quality and impact speed; counting the number of falling rocks in different damage areas, and calculating the damage probability. The damage evaluation method provided by the invention can rapidly quantify and predict the impact damage degree of the composite cushion layer concrete slab, can be used for evaluating the impact resistance of the reinforced concrete slab with any section covered by any composite cushion layer with any thickness, and provides a reference for the prevention and treatment of rockfall disaster resistance of the reinforced concrete slab.

The application discloses a VRU collision working condition test method of an automobile event data recording system, and comprises the following steps: S1, adjusting a to-be-tested vehicle to a preset working state, so that the vehicle is located in an environment with a preset temperature; S2, installing an impact module on a launching system, and launching the impact module at a preset impact speed to a preset impact position of the vehicle through the launching system; the preset impact speed is equal to a VRU event trigger minimum speed value set by an automobile event data recording system (EDR); S3, collecting a real-time impact speed of the impact module and the vehicle during the impact of the impact module and the vehicle, and reading record data on the EDR when the reading is equal to the preset impact speed and an actual impact position of the vehicle is the preset impact position on the vehicle. The application can uniformly test VRU collision working conditions of various automobile models with EDRs, and more comprehensively and reliably masters technical performances of the automobiles.

This invention belongs to the field of aero-engine technology, specifically a method for assessing erosion damage to aero-engine compressor blades that integrates multiple operating parameters. The method includes: determining the fluctuation range of operating influencing parameters through on-site sampling and flight parameters; constructing a multi-parameter sample set using Latin hypercube sampling; deriving an erosion wear theoretical model; identifying key parameters related to target material characteristics and impact velocity by combining sand particle velocity measurement and titanium alloy erosion experiments; establishing a gas-solid two-phase flow finite element model; substituting the sample set into the model to solve for the wear rate concentration value; using a polynomial chaotic expansion method to obtain the relationship between operating influencing parameters and the wear rate concentration value; and deriving the statistical characteristics of the wear rate concentration value; finally, calculating the statistical characteristics of damage depth by combining erosion time and blade surface area. This invention achieves high-precision assessment under dynamic coupling of multiple parameters, solving the problems of single parameters and poor model adaptability in traditional methods, and significantly improving its engineering practical value.

The present invention discloses a method for testing the impact resistance of building materials, which relates to the technical field of intelligent detection and includes the following steps: calculating a critical impact force and a first weight, constructing a first impact force equation, and fusing the various first impact force equations to obtain a comprehensive impact force equation. Through step-by-step control and image analysis, the present invention can accurately determine the critical impact velocity and impact force of a material, improve detection accuracy, adapt to various test conditions (such as different impact angles, contact areas, etc.), and comprehensively evaluate the impact resistance of a material. By fusing multiple impact force equations to obtain a comprehensive impact force equation, the method can more comprehensively reflect the impact resistance of the material in actual applications. Compared with traditional methods, this method reduces human error and improves detection efficiency through automated control and image analysis.

A method of controlling a moving component (22, 24) approaching a buffer (42, 46) in a hoistway (34) of an elevator system (20) is provided. The method includes: a) calculating, based on a current velocity of the moving component (22, 24), a required braking distance to decelerate the moving component (22, 24) to a maximum buffer impact velocity; b) comparing the required braking distance to a current buffer distance between the moving component (22, 24) and the buffer (42, 46) to give a comparison result; c) repeating steps a) and b) one or more times; and d) triggering an emergency stop of the moving component (22, 24) based on the comparison result.

A collision-resistant steel plate for butane pressure vessels, comprising the following components (wt%): C: 0.10–0.20%, Si: 0.20–0.45%, Mn: 1.60–1.80%, Al: 0.025–0.045%, P≤0.015%, S≤0.005%, V: 0.065–0.085%, Nb: 0.027–0.045%. The process involves: smelting, casting into a billet, heating the billet, rough rolling, finish rolling, cooling, normalizing, and stress relief. The static yield strength Rel of this invention is 460–500 MPa, and the dynamic yield strength Re is 510–760 MPa; the tensile strength is 610–700 MPa; the yield ratio is ≤0.85; and the static elongation after fracture A is 29–41% and the dynamic elongation after fracture A... d The strength-ductility product is 18995–27798 MPa·% at 28–41%; the drop hammer tear (DWTT) energy is 15–19 kJ; when the impact velocity is 5–50 m / s and the impact displacement is 1.5 m, the energy absorbed by the steel plate is 3.57–3.89 kJ, and the grain size of ferrite does not exceed 0.008 μm.

A collision-resistant pressure vessel steel for storing and transporting carbonyl chloride, comprising the following components (wt%): C: 0.10–0.20%, Si: 0.25–0.50%, Mn: 1.65–1.90%, Al: 0.025–0.045%, P≤0.015%, S≤0.005%, V: 0.070–0.10%, Nb: 0.028–0.052%. The process involves: smelting, casting into a billet, heating the billet, rough rolling, finish rolling, cooling, normalizing, and stress relief. The static yield strength Rel of this invention is 500–570 MPa, and the dynamic yield strength Re is 520–787 MPa; the tensile strength is 650–730 MPa; the yield ratio is ≤0.85; and the static elongation after fracture A is 29–42% and the dynamic elongation after fracture A... d The strength-ductility product is 21054-28434 MPa·%; the drop hammer tear (DWTT) energy is 15.7-20 kJ; when the impact velocity is 5-50 m / s and the impact displacement is 1.5 m, the steel plate absorbs 3.85-4.15 kJ of energy, and the ferrite grain size does not exceed 0.008 μm.

The invention provides a parameter testing device and method based on a resistive film, and belongs to the technical field of mechanical experiments and digital measurement, and the device comprises two layers of resistive film sensors which are arranged according to a preset distance; each layer of resistive film sensor comprises a film resistance net and a resistance net signal processing circuit; the thin-film resistance net adopts parallel resistance wire arrays prepared on the front surface and the back surface of a thin-film medium respectively to form a crisscross net-shaped structure; and the analysis module is used for determining the speed and the direction of the projectile according to the on-off state identified by the resistance net signal processing circuit, the shot damage image of each thin-film resistance net and the launching starting point of the projectile when the projectile impacts and penetrates through the thin-film resistance nets. Through a physical logic mode, impact time information is obtained within a microsecond error, information of an impact position is obtained within a hundred-micrometer error, and the accuracy of bullet impact speed and direction parameter testing is guaranteed.

This invention discloses an underwater floating ice-breaking test device, comprising an ice-water pool and an ice-breaking device. The ice-water pool is used to prepare an ice layer. The ice-breaking device includes a platform and multiple floating bodies. The platform is located at the bottom of the ice-water pool, and the multiple floating bodies are arranged in an array. The floating bodies are connected to the platform by a locking mechanism, which can lock or release the floating bodies. This application can realize the release of floating bodies at a specified position, number, and sequence, thereby enabling the study of the mechanism of single or multiple floating bodies freely rising and breaking ice in one go. It can also explore the ice-breaking load characteristics, structural deformation laws, ice layer damage modes, and ice-breaking mechanisms of floating bodies under the influence of variables such as impact velocity, shape, and impact angle.

The utility model discloses a stunt special impact vehicle, which comprises a cab, a front impact assembly and a rear impact assembly, the front impact assembly and the rear impact assembly are respectively arranged on the front side and the rear side of the cab, and each of the front impact assembly and the rear impact assembly comprises an upper adjusting plate bracket, a lower adjusting plate bracket, a rotating shaft and an adjusting plate, the upper adjusting plate support is rotationally connected with the lower adjusting plate support through a rotating shaft, the lower adjusting plate support is placed on the ground or rotates to the upper portion of the upper adjusting plate support, and detachable adjusting plates are arranged on the upper adjusting plate support and the lower adjusting plate support. The collision vehicle can accurately collide with a collided vehicle, the speed is high, safety is high, various collision effects of special-effect shooting can be achieved through various collision structures, and leap, turnover and other effects generated after collision of the collided vehicle are more real and shocking.

This invention provides an impact testing method for optimizing the energy-absorbing foam structure of the front bumper for active engine hoods. The method includes: based on a whole-vehicle impact simulation model, performing pedestrian leg-shaped and whole-vehicle impact simulations on various areas of the energy-absorbing foam in the front bumper to obtain the target compression amount of the foam in each area. The target compression amount is the maximum compression amount of the foam in the whole-vehicle impact simulation. Based on the foam impact simulation model, performing foam impact simulations at multiple impact velocities sequentially until the foam compression amount reaches the target compression amount, and using this impact velocity as the target velocity. Simulating the actual installation configuration, the pressure sensor and the foam under test are installed in place, and an impact test is performed on the foam under test at the target velocity, recording the foam deformation and pressure sensor signals. Based on the foam deformation and pressure sensor signals, an optimized foam shape is identified. This invention effectively improves the structural design efficiency of the foam for mounting pressure tube sensors, thereby effectively saving vehicle R&D and manufacturing costs.

The invention discloses a method and a system for testing mechanical and electrical characteristics of a concrete test piece, and relates to the technical field of civil engineering material testing. The testing method comprises the following steps: S1, carrying out impact loading on a concrete test piece pre-embedded with a piezoelectric sensor by utilizing a Hopkinson pressure bar experimental device, and obtaining an incident wave signal, a reflected wave signal and a transmitted wave signal in response to the impact of an impact bar on an incident bar; acquiring current and voltage corresponding to resistors connected in parallel to the two ends of the piezoelectric sensor; s2, acquiring a stress-strain curve of the concrete test piece based on the incident wave signal, the reflected wave signal and the transmitted wave signal; s3, acquiring the quantity of electric charges generated by the piezoelectric sensor based on the current and the voltage; and S4, changing the impact speed of the impact rod, and repeating the steps S1 to S3 to obtain a stress-charge quantity change curve. By synchronously acquiring the axial stress of the concrete test piece and the electric charge quantity output by the piezoelectric sensor, a stress-electric charge quantity relation curve is constructed, and quantitative calibration of the dynamic sensitivity is realized.

The invention, which relates to the technical field of angle steel tower detection, discloses an angle steel tower tensile strength rapid detection system comprising a hardware detection terminal, a data processing module and an Internet of Things transmission layer. Through cooperation of an impact body in the hardware detection terminal and the three-axis MEMS angle sensor, the induction coil collects the impact speed and the rebound speed, and the control module calls a Leeb hardness value correction table to correct the hardness value during pre-non-vertical state detection according to the impact angle monitored by the three-axis MEMS angle sensor in real time. The method realizes stable impact of an impact body and correction of full-angle measurement errors, realizes automatic conversion from a hardness value to tensile strength by virtue of an exponential function model and a conversion table built in the data processing module, replaces low-efficiency operation of manual table look-up, and performs tracing fuzzy and closed-loop management of a detection position by utilizing a multi-source data fusion technology of the positioning module. Real-time transmission management of detection data is realized through the Internet of Things communication module, the wireless communication module and an MQTT protocol encryption transmission technology.