The invention discloses a vibrating table testing method suitable for rock and soil slopes and a model box, and belongs to the field of experimental equipment. The vibrating table testing method comprises the following steps: determining the type of a to-be-tested model slope, and assembling the model box according to the type; building a slope die body corresponding to the type by utilizing the assembled model box; standing the built slope die body in the model box for 1 to 2 days; installing the model box with the slope die body by utilizing a vibrating table, and loading a corresponding seismic waveform. The model box is formed by assembling a base, an enclosure structure, a trapezoidal framework, horizontal stiffening ribs, a longitudinal stiffening rib, a hollow square pipe and a wall body. According to the model box disclosed by the invention, the functions of a laminar shear model box and a rigid model box can be respectively realized by regulating the tightness of the hollow square pipe arranged at the rear side of the model box, the model box can be respectively applied to vibrating table testing of soil and rock slopes, the side wall body is transparent, the slope die body can be conveniently manufactured, the damage situation of a test can be observed, and meanwhile, the model box has the characteristics that disassembling and assembling can be freely carried out, and the operation is flexible.