The invention discloses a capacitor coupling noncontact conductance measurement device and method. The device comprises an alternating-current excitation source, an insulated measurement pipeline, an excitation electrode, a detection electrode, a range resistor, a virtual inductor, a differential amplifier module and a signal processing module, wherein one end of the virtual inductor is connected with the range resistor, while the other end is grounded, meanwhile, two ends of the range resistor are connected with the differential amplifier module. The virtual inductor substitutes an actual inductor, thus effectively overcoming the adverse effect of a coupled capacitor on the measurement result according to the series resonance principle. The virtual inductor is a grounding inductor, and compared with a floating inductor, the virtual inductor is good in working stability and simple in circuit structure; compared with an actual inductor, the virtual inductor capable of adjusting the equivalent inductance value reduces the requirement for the frequency of the excitation source. In addition, different from a noncontact conductance measurement method adopting a current method, the capacitor coupling noncontact conductance measurement method adopts a voltage method to obtain the equivalent conductance value of measured conductive fluid, thus providing helpful reference for solving the conductance measurement problem of conductive fluid in a pipeline.