The invention discloses a grass planting system based on soilless culture. The system comprises an incubator body which can be sealed manually, a temperature control unit, an illumination control unit, a moisture control unit and a central control unit, wherein the incubator body is internally provided with a grass culture unit, the temperature control unit is used for controlling and regulating the ambient temperature in the incubator body, the illumination control unit is used for controlling and regulating the illumination supply in the incubator body, the moisture control unit is used for controlling and regulating the moisture supply in the incubator body, and the central control unit is respectively connected with the temperature control unit, the illumination control unit and the moisture control unit electrically and is used for jointly controlling the temperature control unit, the illumination control unit and the moisture control unit. The system can be used for automatically controlling the growth environment of grass, the growth of grass is completely isolated from the external environment and is not influenced by the external environment, the automation degree of the planting system is improved greatly, the growth time of grass is shortened greatly, the culture efficiency is improved, and the yield of grass is large.