The invention discloses an adjustable ampoule bottle opening device. The adjustable ampoule bottle opening device comprises a rotating cylinder and a cutting cylinder, wherein the rotating cylinder and the cutting cylinder are of hollow cylinder structures, a first adjusting block is arranged at the lower end of the rotating cylinder, a rubber pad is arranged at the upper end of the first adjusting block, a sliding groove is formed in the side wall of the rotating cylinder, a sliding block is arranged in the sliding groove, a first spring is arranged at the front end of the sliding block, a clamping block is arranged at the front end of the first spring, an adjusting bolt is further arranged on the side face of the rotating cylinder, a connecting rod is fixed to the front end of an adjusting bolt, a clamping joint is arranged at the front end of the connecting rod, a clamping sleeve is clamped on the clamping joint, a first push rod is arranged on the side face of the lower end of thecutting cylinder, a grinding wheel is arranged at one end of the first push rod, a first pressing cap is arranged at the other end of a second pressing cap, a second spring is arranged on the first pressing cap, a second adjusting block is arranged at the upper end of the cutting cylinder, a second push rod is arranged in the middle of the second adjusting block, a rubber chuck is arranged at thelower end of the second push rod, the second pressing cap is arranged at the upper end of the second push rod, and a third spring is fixed at the lower end of the second pressing cap. According to theadjustable ampoule bottle opening device, the bottle opening of the ampoule bottles with different sizes can be realized, and the situation of scratch accidents and liquid medicine pollution can be effectively avoided.