51results about How to "Detection of damage" patented technology

Inductive sensors measure the near surface properties of conducting and magnetic material. A sensor may have primary windings with parallel extended winding segments to impose a spatially periodic magnetic field in a test material. Those extended portions may be formed by adjacent portions of individual drive coils. Sensing elements provided every other half wavelength may be connected together in series while the sensing elements in adjacent half wavelengths are spatially offset. Certain sensors include circular segments which create a circularly symmetric magnetic field that is periodic in the radial direction. Such sensors are particularly adapted to surround fasteners to detect cracks and can be mounted beneath a fastener head. In another sensor, sensing windings are offset along the length of parallel winding segments to provide material measurements over different locations when the circuit is scanned over the test material. The distance from the sensing elements to the ends of the primary winding may be kept constant as the offset space in between sensing elements is varied. An image of the material properties can be provided as the sensor is scanned across the material.

This invention provides methods, compositions, and kits relating to detecting donor cell-free DNA in the circulation of an organ transplant recipient for the early identification of transplant rejection

A composite material formed of electrically conductive metalized carbon fibers, a thin metal coating or a composite material formed of a conductive polymer and metal nanoparticles.

The present invention relates to the use of positron annihilation spectroscopy (PAS) as a method for the measurement of material damage in hot gas path components in industrial gas turbines. A method measuring material damage, expended life and remaining life, using PAS, in nickel and cobalt based superalloy turbine components where the damage has been created by engine operational exposure, is provided. The method can also be used to assess damage to metal components in steam turbines, heat exchangers and generators, as well as damage to other metal, ceramic, plastic and composite articles.

Provided is a method for detecting damage to a deck of a bridge, the method allowing detection work to be achieved with less labor and being capable of reducing the time and cost needed for the detection work. From a road-surface measuring vehicle running on pavement 3 on top of a steel-plate deck 1, a thermal infrared video of the surface of the pavement 3 is acquired by a thermal infrared video camera. Based on the thermal infrared video, troughs 4 of the steel-plate deck 1 are detected to grasp the structure of the steel-plate deck 1. Residence of water inside prescribed trough members 41 and sealing diaphragms 42 is detected from low-temperature regions R2 from among regions corresponding to troughs 4 in the thermal infrared video, and from rectangular low-temperature sections L2 that surround the regions R2. Through cracks are detected in deck plates 2 that correspond to troughs 4 in which residence of water has been detected.

Inductive sensors measure the near surface properties of conducting and magnetic material. A sensor may have primary windings with parallel extended winding segments to impose a spatially periodic magnetic field in a test material. Those extended portions may be formed by adjacent portions of individual drive coils. Sensing elements provided every other half wavelength may be connected together in series while the sensing elements in adjacent half wavelengths are spatially offset. Certain sensors include circular segments which create a circularly symmetric magnetic field that is periodic in the radial direction. Such sensors are particularly adapted to surround fasteners to detect cracks and can be mounted beneath a fastener head. In another sensor, sensing windings are offset along the length of parallel winding segments to provide material measurements over different locations when the circuit is scanned over the test material. The distance from the sensing elements to the ends of the primary winding may be kept constant as the offset space in between sensing elements is varied. An image of the material properties can be provided as the sensor is scanned across the material.

A vehicle charging device configured such that both connectors 10, 20 are locked in a connected state by an advancing movement of a locking portion 43 of an actuator 41 to be locked to a locked portion 18 when the connection of the both connectors 10, 20 is detected by a connection detector 31 includes a locking portion detector 51 for detecting whether or not the locking portion 43 of the actuator 41 has advanced to a predetermined locking position, and a power supply controller 71 for setting a power supply path to an electrically conductive state on a condition that an advancing movement of the locking portion 43 to the predetermined locking position is detected by the locking portion detector 51.

A substrate holding apparatus holds a substrate such as a semiconductor and presses the substrate against a polishing surface. The substrate holding apparatus includes a top ring body (2) for holding the substrate, a plurality of fluid passages (33, 34, 35, 36) for supplying a fluid to a plurality of pressure chambers (22, 23, 24, 25) defined in the top ring body, and a plurality of sensors (S1, S2, S3, S4) disposed in the fluid passages, respectively, for detecting flowing states of the fluid which flows through the fluid passages.

Inductive sensors measure the near surface properties of conducting and magnetic material. A sensor may have primary windings with parallel extended winding segments to impose a spatially periodic magnetic field in a test material. Those extended portions may be formed by adjacent portions of individual drive coils. Sensing elements provided every other half wavelength may be connected together in series while the sensing elements in adjacent half wavelengths are spatially offset. Certain sensors include circular segments which create a circularly symmetric magnetic field that is periodic in the radial direction. Such sensors are particularly adapted to surround fasteners to detect cracks and can be mounted beneath a fastener head. In another sensor, sensing windings are offset along the length of parallel winding segments to provide material measurements over different locations when the circuit is scanned over the test material. The distance from the sensing elements to the ends of the primary winding may be kept constant as the offset space in between sensing elements is varied. An image of the material properties can be provided as the sensor is scanned across the material.

Breakage of a glass panel is detected by a simple structure practically without disfiguring the glass panel. A glass panel breakage detection system (12) has a glass panel (10), a reading device (14), and a notification device (16). The glass panel (10) has plate glass (18) formed of reinforced glass, an antenna (22) provided on the surface of the plate glass (18), and an ID chip (24) connectedly attached to the antenna (22) and transmitting, by radio communications through the antenna (22), identification information as a reply to a request from the outside. The reading device (14) acquires the identification information from the ID chip (24) by radio communications through the antenna (22). When a trouble occurs in the acquisition of the identification information by the reading device (14), the notification device (16) notifies the fact to the request from the reading device (14) to the radio chip.

Provided is a method for detecting damage to a deck of a bridge, the method allowing detection work to be achieved with less labor and being capable of reducing the time and cost needed for the detection work. From a road-surface measuring vehicle running on pavement 3 on top of a steel-plate deck 1, a thermal infrared video of the surface of the pavement 3 is acquired by a thermal infrared video camera. Based on the thermal infrared video, troughs 4 of the steel-plate deck 1 are detected to grasp the structure of the steel-plate deck 1. Residence of water inside prescribed trough members 41 and sealing diaphragms 42 is detected from low-temperature regions R2 from among regions corresponding to troughs 4 in the thermal infrared video, and from rectangular low-temperature sections L2 that surround the regions R2. Through cracks are detected in deck plates 2 that correspond to troughs 4 in which residence of water has been detected.

A method for condition monitoring of an installation with operating devices, in which overview data is detected by a first vehicle with an overview sensor arrangement for optical detection of the facility, and the operating devices are identified in the overview data by an evaluation device and the positions of the operating devices are determined taking into account the position of the first vehicle. Detail shots of the operating devices are produced by a detail camera on-board a second or the first vehicle, which is oriented in relation to the respective positions of the operating devices. There is a corresponding arrangement for carrying out the method. A mode of embodiment relates to the condition monitoring of high-voltage masts with high-voltage free lines that are clamped between the masts. Insulators hang on the transverse members as operating devices.

Reference standards or articles having prescribed levels of damage are fabricated by monitoring an electrical property of the article material, mechanically loading the article, and removing the load when a change in electrical properties indicates a prescribed level of damage. The electrical property is measured with an electromagnetic sensor, such as a flexible eddy current sensor, attached to a material surface, which may be between layers of the article material. The damage may be in the form of a fatigue crack or a change in the mechanical stress underneath the sensor. The shape of the article material may be adjusted to concentrate the stress so that the damage initiates under the sensor. Examples adjustments to the article shape include the use of dogbone geometries with thin center sections, reinforcement ribs on the edges of the article, and radius cut-outs in the vicinity of the thin section.

A system and method for detecting damage in an electrical wire, including delivering at least one test electrical signal to an outer electrically conductive material in a continuous or non-continuous layer covering an electrically insulative material layer that covers an electrically conductive wire core. Detecting the test electrical signals in the outer conductive material layer to obtain data that is processed to identify damage in the outer electrically conductive material layer.

A method and system of compensating for environmental effect when detecting signals using a structural health monitoring system includes collecting baseline data signals for one or more values of the environmental effect variable from signals transmitted along selected paths between transducers in an array attached to the structure. A threshold is selected based on the baseline data for determining if the signal is detected. Current data signals are collected and matched to the best fit baseline data. The value of the environmental effect variable is determined on the basis of the matching. A signal is detected according to the selected threshold.

A fuel cell includes: cells (11), each of which includes an electrolyte layer-electrode stack assembly (5) having a electrolyte layer (1) and a pair of gas diffusion electrodes (4a, 4b) sandwiching a portion of the electrolyte layer (1) which portion is located on an inner side of a peripheral portion of the electrolyte layer (1), an annular peripheral member disposed at the peripheral portion of the electrolyte layer (1), a pair of electrically conductive separators (6A, 6B) which sandwich the electrolyte layer-electrode stack assembly (5) and the peripheral member, and damage detecting wires (31); and a fuel cell stack (100) formed by stacking the cells (11), wherein: the damage detecting wires (31) are formed on components constituting the cell (11) other than the electrolyte layer-electrode stack assembly (5); and the damage detecting wires (31) are connected to one another to form an open circuit by stacking the cells (11).

There is provided a diaphragm valve capable of reliably detecting damage to a diaphragm before breakage of the diaphragm in spite of the simple structure. A diaphragm includes a plurality of diaphragm layers. The uppermost diaphragm layer is provided with wiring. An abnormality of the diaphragm is detected by detecting breakage of the wiring.

A vehicle wheel state monitoring device appropriately determines whether it is probable that a vehicle wheel is damaged by setting a threshold value for damage determination in accordance with a type of the vehicle wheel fitted to the vehicle. A road surface input calculation portion calculates a road surface input that is a load applied to the tire based on an up-down direction force transmitted to the tire from a road surface. A damage determination portion determines whether it is probable that the vehicle wheel is damaged by comparing the road surface input and a threshold value that is pre-set. A vehicle wheel distinguishing portion receives information from a recording device provided on the vehicle wheel, and distinguishes the type of vehicle wheel fitted to the vehicle wheel. A threshold setting portion sets a threshold value in accordance with the distinguished type of the vehicle wheel.

A substrate holding apparatus holds a substrate such as a semiconductor and presses the substrate against a polishing surface. The substrate holding apparatus includes a top ring body (2) for holding the substrate, a plurality of fluid passages (33, 34, 35, 36) for supplying a fluid to a plurality of pressure chambers (22, 23, 24, 25) defined in the top ring body, and a plurality of sensors (S1, S2, S3, S4) disposed in the fluid passages, respectively, for detecting flowing states of the fluid which flows through the fluid passages.

A method of early and effective detection of plasma damage to a gate oxide layer by a special design of the active region is achieved. A plasma-damage testing structure is fabricated by providing a gate electrode overlying an active area of a semiconductor substrate wherein a gate oxide layer underlies the gate electrode. A portion of the active area underlying the gate electrode has sharp corners. The plasma-damage testing structure is exposed to a plasma environment. Electrical tests are performed to detect plasma damage to the plasma-damage testing structure. This model provides an accurate evaluation of plasma damage to actual MOSFET's.

A sensor for identifying a mechanical deformation of a housing of a charging column configured to charge an electrical energy store of an electrically driven vehicle. The sensor includes an elongated arm having a first end portion arranged in the longitudinal orientation and a second end portion opposite the first end portion in the longitudinal orientation. The arm is connected at its first end portion to a base of the charging column and runs in the longitudinal orientation approximately parallel to a part of the charging column that is sensitive to deformations of the housing, in particular to a side wall of the housing. An electrical probe element is arranged on the second end portion of the arm. An activation element is connected to the part of the charging column that is sensitive to deformations of the housing and is configured to activate the electrical probe element.

The aim of the invention is to monitor the operating condition of a press, especially a packing press (1) while preventing the machine parts that are involved in the relative movements from fretting. Said aim is achieved by a) detecting amplitudes of vibrations during the time and / or a distance of a relative movement occurring between at least one compressor (3.1, 3.2, 3.3) and / or a door (5.1) and the press case (2.2) within a cycle that lasts from the beginning to the end of the compression process and the ejection of the pressed article, and predefining an admissible oscillation amplitude of the entire press within the control mechanism (16.2) as a “normal condition” for increments of the duration and / or the distance of the relative movements; b) generating an “alert value” lying above the maximum value established for the normal condition and a shut-off value lying above the alert value; c) inputting both threshold values of the alert value and the shut-off value in the control mechanism (16.2) of the press (1) for each relevant relative movement or each increment of the duration and / or the distance of the relative movement; and d) controlling operation of the press during the cycle lasting from the beginning to the end of the compression process or during the relevant relative movement by means of the control mechanism (16.2), a signal being displayed when the alert value and / or the shut-off value has / have been reached.

The present invention relates to a surge protection device for multi-protection mode communications, comprising: an input line into which a voltage is introduced; an output line connected to an external line; a surge discharge part provided with a ground terminal; a surge protection circuit part provided between the input line and the output line and having at least two or more surge protection circuits provided in parallel and discharging the introduced voltage to the ground terminal if the introduced voltage is a surge voltage; circuit conversion parts for selectively connecting the input line and the output line to any one of the surge protection circuits; a condition measuring part for measuring an input voltage introduced into an input terminal of the input line and a second discharge voltage from the surge protection circuit to the ground terminal and comparing each of the input voltage and the second discharge voltage with preset reference voltages; and a control circuit part for detecting abnormality of the connected surge protection circuit by using the comparison result of the input voltage and the comparison result of the second discharge voltage and converting the connected surge protection circuit into another one of the connected surge protection circuits through the circuit conversion parts if the abnormality of the connected surge protection circuit is detected. By the surge protection device for multi-protection mode communications, the damage to the surge protection circuits can be detected using the input surge voltage and no voltage is required to be additionally applied for detecting the damage to the surge protection circuits.

A method for condition monitoring of an installation with operating devices, in which overview data is detected by a first vehicle with an overview sensor arrangement for optical detection of the facility, and the operating devices are identified in the overview data by an evaluation device and the positions of the operating devices are determined taking into account the position of the first vehicle. Detail shots of the operating devices are produced by a detail camera on-board a second or the first vehicle, which is oriented in relation to the respective positions of the operating devices. There is a corresponding arrangement for carrying out the method. A mode of embodiment relates to the condition monitoring of high-voltage masts with high-voltage free lines that are clamped between the masts. Insulators hang on the transverse members as operating devices.

In a method for detecting damage to a component of an aircraft, having an unpressurized first area and a pressurized second area, at least one theoretical pressure parameter, characteristic of a theoretical pressure in the unpressurized first area, a theoretical pressure in the pressurized second area or a theoretical pressure difference between the unpressurized first area and the pressurized second area, is determined. At least one actual pressure parameter, characteristic of an actual pressure in the unpressurized first area, an actual pressure in the pressurized second area or an actual pressure difference between the unpressurized first area and the pressurized second area, is recorded. The theoretical pressure parameter is compared with the actual pressure parameter. Damage to a component of the aircraft causing a compression of the unpressurized first area is detected when a difference between the theoretical pressure parameter and the actual pressure parameter exceeds a threshold value.

An apparatus for detecting a fault in an in-wheel driving system of a vehicle including: an in-wheel motor; at least one speed reduction part coupled to the in-wheel motor through a gear and transferring a rotation force of the in-wheel motor to a wheel; a sensor part sensing rpms of the in-wheel motor and the speed reduction part; and a control unit suitable for calculating an rpm ratio between the in-wheel motor and the speed reduction part by using the respective rpms sensed through the sensor parts and determining whether a damage or a fault has occurred in the speed reduction part, based on the calculated rpm ratio.

The application relates to a method for monitoring the condition of at least one component of a wind turbine which is loaded during the operation of the wind turbine. In the method, a first temperature of a first loaded component of the wind turbine is sensed. The method further involves sensing of at least one further temperature of a further loaded component of the wind turbine. The first loaded component and the further loaded component have a thermal coupling to each other, and a damage of at least one of the loaded components is detected based on the sensed first temperature and the sensed further temperature and at least one admissibility criterion in an evaluation step.

The present invention discloses a memory build-in self-test comprising steps of: (a) determining whether there is redundant address in the ROM; (b) when there is redundant address for storing standard check code, transferring the coefficient file in the ROM to a predetermined format; (c) producing a self-test logic and a standard check code corresponding to the ROM via design tool; (d) writing the standard check code into the redundant address and generating a new ROM. The present invention can assure that the standard check code and coefficient can be simply revised via corresponding way of Mask Change, so as to detect the damages of ROM by using memory build-in self-test (MBIST) which does not need to remake a whole set of Mask to revise the standard check code outside the ROM, so as to save cost and time, and lower the difficulty to update the product.