46results about How to "High doubling efficiency" patented technology

The invention discloses a method for doubling management of corn haploid. The method for doubling management of corn haploid comprises the following steps: (1) cutting the tip of coleoptile of the corn haploid bud, but not damaging the main leaf and the growing point to obtain the corn haploid bud with coleoptile tip cut; and (2) soaking the corn haploid bud with coleoptile tip cut with a mixed solution of colchicine, dimethyl sulfoxide and water to obtain a chromosome doubled corn bud. The method for doubling management of the corn haploid can remarkably improve the doubling efficiency of the corn haploid, and the tassel pollination rate is over 30 percent which is much higher than the contrast tassel pollination rate (lower than 5 percent). The method solves the vital technical problem of low doubling efficiency in the haploid breeding process, so that the haploid breeding efficiency is greatly improved, and large-scale application of the haploid breeding technology becomes possible.

The invention discloses a method for inducing corn haploids. The method comprises the following steps: pollinating a female parent by a male parent corn haploid induction line with a higher corn haploid inductivity than a corn haploid induction line CAU5, and harvesting hybridized F1 generation grains to obtain corn haploids. A method for realizing the corn haploid induction line comprises the following steps: 1, introducing coding gene of a specific centromere histone mutant into a hybrid first generation plant of a corn inbred line HiIIA and a corn inbred line HiIIB to obtain a transgenic corn plant; and 2, hybridizing the specific histone mutant as a female parent with the CAU5 to obtain an F1 generation, hybridizing the F1 generation as a female parent with the CAU5 to obtain a BC1F1 generation, hybridizing the BC1F1 generation as a female parent with the CAU5 to obtain a BC2F1 generation, and continuously selfing the BC2F1 generation at least five generations to obtain the corn haploid induction line.

The invention relates to cultivation gynogenetic fish, in particular to a method for cultivating gynogenetic carps. The method comprises the following steps of: performing artificial induced spawning on male megalobrama amblycephala and female ordinary carps which serve as male and female parent fish, mixing megalobrama amblycephala sperms inactivated by ultraviolet rays and mature ova of the ordinary carps, activating for 1 to 2 minutes, performing cold shock on the activated ova at the temperature of between 0 and 4 DEG C for 30 to 40 minutes, and incubating embryos obtained by the cold shock at the water temperature of between 20 and 21 DEG C to obtain diploid gynogenetic carps. The gynogenetic carps cultivated by the method have excellent descendant properties, high survival rate and stable inheritance, and have the great significance for the study on biological genetic breeding.

The invention belongs to the technical field of flower breeding, in particular to a method for doubly improving a marigold genotype by utilizing chromosomes, which is characterized in that male sterile dual-purpose line of a seed or a stem tip of marigold is treated by adopting a colchicine solution so as to enable the number of the chromosomes of the marigold to be doubled, thereby providing a breeding starting material of the improvement of the marigold genotype. The method comprises the following steps of: bud forcing treatment, colchicine doubling treatment, rinsing relief treatment, cultivation management, chromosome ploidy authentication and the like. The preferable treatment is described as follows: applying colchicine solution with concentration of 0.05 percent to marigold germinating seeds and soaking for 3 to 6 hours, and thus, the survival rate of plants is high, and the doubling efficiency also reaches 88.89 percent. The invention can effectively control the environment temperature and humidity when the seeds germinate; the repeatability of a test is high, the operation is convenient and time and labor are saved. The invention is suitable for the improvement of the marigold genotype.

The invention provides a method for doubling cone haploids. The method comprises the following steps: 1, cutting off the tips of coleoptiles of buds of corn haploids; and 2, soaking embryos of the buds of the corn haploids without the tips of coleoptiles in mixed liquid of colchicines and dimethyl sulfoxide, so as to obtain corn buts with doubled chromosome. The method for doubling cone haploids, which is provided by the invention, can remarkably improve the survival rate and maturing rate of the corn haploids, wherein the survival rate is higher than 70%, which is far higher than the survival rate of a control group which is generally lower than 50%, the maturing rate is higher than 10%, which is far higher than the maturing rate of the control group which is generally about 5%; moreover, the use amount of colchicines is 5-6 times. When applied to a haploid breeding system, the method can effectively promote the reform of the corn breeding technology to realize large-scale and engineering haploid breeding.

The invention discloses a method for cultivating a corn haploid inducer with higher corn haploid inductivity than a corn haploid inducer CAU5. The method comprises the following steps: 1, inducing coding gene of a specific histone mutant into a hybrid first generation plant of a corn inbred line HiIIA and a corn inbred line HiIIB to obtain a transgenic corn plant containing the specific histone mutant; and 2, hybridizing the specific histone mutant as a female parent with the corn haploid inducer CAU5 to obtain an F1 generation, hybridizing the F1 generation as a female parent with the corn haploid inducer CAU5 to obtain a BC1F1 generation, hybridizing the BC1F1 generation as the corn haploid inducer CAU5 to obtain a BC2F1 generation, and continuously selfing the BC2F1 generation five generations to obtain the corn haploid inducer with higher corn haploid inductivity than the corn haploid inducer CAU5.

The invention discloses a chemical corn double haploid young embryo processing method. After a haploid is selected to induce pollination of a system for 28 days or so, a haploid kernel young embryo is selected, the selected young embryo is placed in amiprophos-methl to be processed for 2 hours, and processing concentration of propyzamide is under 60 micrometer moles per liter. According to the technology, chemical doubling of the haploid is carried out in early phase, the chemical processing time is shortened, the processing concentration is reduced, consumption of chemicals is reduced, personal injury suffered by processing staff is small, and above all, doubling efficiency of the haploid is improved.

The invention provides an asparagus all-male breeding method. The breeding method comprises the following specific steps: (1) selecting and pretreating anther; (2) preparing an asparagus anther induction medium; (3) performing high sugar treatment on the anther, then disinfecting and inoculating; (4) performing induction culture on the anther; (5) performing callus differentiation culture; (6) enabling green buds to expand propagation, multiplication and root; (7) hardening seedlings and transplanting; (8) observing chromosome ploidy, removing non-diploid plants, and distinguishing super male plants and female plants; (9) screening and hybridizing asparagus super male plants and female plants. According to the all-male breeding method, asparagus anther culture plants are obtained through an efficient anther culture way, the diploid super male plants and female plants are obtained after the non-diploid plants are removed, further the asparagus super male plants and female plants with excellent agronomic characters are selected for hybridization, thus obtaining a high-yield and high-quality F1 generation all-male system high in growth rate and strong in disease resistance. The asparagus super male plants and female plants are high in inductivity and fewer in abnormal plant, and the obtained all-male system is excellent in quality and great in industry value.

The invention relates to a method for creating corn autotetraploid. The method comprises the following steps: treating corn filaments by adopting a conventional chromosome doubling agent and a conventional treatment method; doubling somatic chromosomes in induced organs without the need of pollination, so as to directly obtain autotetraploid seeds; then carrying out microscope examination on chromosome ploidy and screening the autotetraploid; carrying out fruitfulness breeding when the fructification percentage is relatively low; preparing autotetraploid hybrid seeds by utilizing an autotetraploid selfing line after the fructification percentage reaches the requirements. The method provided by the invention has the beneficial effects that the method is simple and feasible; seed germination, germ low-temperature treatment and seedling transplanting processes of an existing treatment method are omitted; the doubling efficiency is improved, and the problem that a chromosome ploidy chimerarepels tetraploid cells due to competitive advantages of diploid cells in a somatic cytotropism development process is avoided, so that the doubling efficiency is improved; the yield and quality areimproved and the purity is easy to ensure.

The invention belongs to the field of plant genetic breeding and provides a cultivation method for a polyploidy siraitia grosvenorii plant. The cultivation method for the polyploidy siraitia grosvenorii plant comprises the following steps: cultivating blades or stems of a siraitia grosvenorii female / male plant by applying an MS induced liquid culture medium to obtain siraitia grosvenorii clumpy shoot so as to be used for preparing the polyploidy siraitia grosvenorii plant, wherein epidermis cell scratch treatment is carried out on the blades or stems of the siraitia grosvenorii female / male plant before cultivation. The cultivation method for the polyploidy siraitia grosvenorii plant has the advantages that the polyploidy siraitia grosvenorii plant with excellent maternal inheritable characters can be rapidly and efficiently obtained, cost is low, efficiency is high, a variety is good, chromosome doubling of the siraitia grosvenorii female / male plant is realized, the obtained polyploidy siraitia grosvenorii plant is a prepared tetraploid usually and can be hybridized with a diploid siraitia grosvenorii male / female plant to obtain a triploid seedless variety, so that the cultivation method for the polyploidy siraitia grosvenorii plant has an important agricultural and medicinal guiding significance.

The invention discloses a preparation method for corn double haploid. Based on a haploid young embryo identification technology, a haploid young embryo doubling technology and a young embryo direct seeding formation technology, a haploid tissue culture identification and doubling technology system can be established, the novel method for rapidly obtaining corn double haploid can be provided; and the method has characteristics of being rapid, efficient and easy in scale operation. Compared with haploid doubling conventional methods, time can be greatly shortened, the scale operation of tissue culture doubling can be more easily, and therefore, the method is suitable for demands of future haploid engineering seed breeding and has large application values in future haploid seed breeding.

The invention discloses a method for doubling young embryos of maize haploids. The method disclosed by the invention comprises the following step: doubling young embryos of maize haploids in a system containing 0.5-1.0 [mu]mol / L amiprophos-methyl to double the young embryos of maize haploids. The method disclosed by the invention can be used for remarkably improving the doubling efficiency of the maize haploids, and the tassel powder rate is near 30%. Moreover, the method is relatively less in damage to the environmental pollution and seedlings, and the plants grow relatively well, thereby providing a support for improving the breeding efficiency of the haploids.

The invention relates to a high-efficiency tobacco pollen in-vitro liquid culture method, which mainly comprises the operating steps of rapidly releasing a great amount of pollens by rolling a sterilized anther under the effect of B5-13 liquid culture in sterile conditions, conducting low-speed centrifugal separation to collect the pollens, statically placing the pollens in NLN-16 liquid culture mediums containing colchicines with concentration being 50-70mg / L at 32DEG C in the dark for reduplication, then statically placing the pollens in NLN-13 liquid culture mediums at 25 DEG C for embryo induction culture in the dark, placing embryos into a 25 DEG C constant-temperature shaking bed for oscillatory culture in the dark for 7-10 days after the embryos can be seen by naked eyes, transferring the embryos which are at a cotyledon period into solid culture mediums for subculture, and after seedlings are trained, transplanting the seedlings in the field in a transplanting season till blooming, bagging and fruiting. The high-efficiency tobacco pollen in-vitro liquid culture method has the characteristics that the concept is novel, the design is ingenious, scientific and practical, the high efficiency and the stability are realized, the yield is great, the tobacco breeding cycle can be greatly shortened, and the like.

The invention provides a chromosome doubling method for a pepper or eggplant haploid plant, and belongs to the technical field of plant tissue culture. The method comprises the following steps: addinga sterile colchicine solution and a sterile DMSO into a sterile culture bottle, retaining or removing roots of an anther culture regenerated plant of pepper or eggplant, placing the anther culture regenerated plant into the sterile culture bottle, and performing shaking seedling-soaking treatment; and after treatment for 24 h-48 h, taking out the anther culture regenerated plant, transferring theanther culture regenerated plant to a MS basic culture medium for light culture to obtain a diploid plant after culture for one month. The method of the invention has the following advantages: (1) the method can ensure that all growth points on the plant are treated; (2) the method can ensure that the growth points of the plant are always maintained with a treatment solution during treatment, buta use amount of the treatment solution is less, and the cost is reduced; and (3) a doubling success rate is 60%-100%.

The invention belongs to the field of crops, particularly relates to a breeding method and application of a corn haploid induction line, and mainly discloses the breeding method for breeding the corn haploid induction line. The breeding method for breeding the corn haploid induction line comprises the following steps of hybridizing a haploid induction line in a corn resource library with a material with a purple early immature embryo, performing multi-generation backcross, and selfing to obtain the corn haploid induction line. The method can be used for rapidly breeding the corn haploid induction line which is good in comprehensive character, high in induction rate and suitable for haploid early-stage immature embryo selection.

The invention relates to a plant breeding technology, in particular to a method for breeding a double haploid of corn*rice distant hybridization. The method comprises the steps that a corn hybrid is used as a female parent, a rice variety is used as a male parent, and a corn haploid is obtained by distant hybridization and treated with a chromosome doubling solution to obtain a double haploid cornplant. The method can effectively improve the double haploid induction efficiency, and the application value is large. The invention also provides a brush device which has the functions of measuringa liquid, injecting and brushing by simple modification with a syringe as an original device.

The invention belongs to the field of crop biological technology and genetic breeding technology, and particularly discloses a method for improving the doubling efficiency for inducing triploid echinacea chromosome by colchicine. The method comprises the following steps: transferring a triploid echinacea root explant to a culture medium containing 120mg / L colchicine and culturing for 18-25 days. The root is used as the explant and the ratio of successively obtaining hexaploid echinacea is up to 64.71% so that the success rate is at least increased by 41.21% when being compared with the success rate for doubling the echinacea in the prior art. According to the method disclosed by the invention, the problems that the doubling effect of the triploid echinacea chromosome is poor and a hexaploid strain is difficult to obtain are effectively overcome.

The invention discloses a method for culturing wheat haploid embryo test-tube seedlings. The method comprises the following steps that when each of the wheat haploid embryo test-tube seedlings grows to have 2-3 leaves, the seedlings are transferred to a strong seedling culture box for strong seedling culture; when 50% of strong seedlings in the strong seedling culture box reach a three-leaf stage, strong seedling culture is performed; after the strong seedling culture is performed for 2-3 weeks, nutritional supplementing liquid is added; when the test-tube seedlings are cultured to produce 2-3 tillers, the seedlings are transferred to a culture box for over-summering, over-summering culture is performed, and nutritional supplementing liquid is added; from the last ten days of October to the first ten days of November, the culture conditions of the strong seedling culture box are recovered, the seedlings are transplanted and hardened when the field temperature is reduced to 15 DEG C or below, and the seedlings are transplanted in open ground in 2-3 days after seedling hardening. The nutritional supplementing liquid is added at different stages, the wheat haploid embryo test-tube seedlings can grow into one-step strong seedlings through one step, the over-summering decline and fall of the test-tube seedlings are simply and effectively relieved, the survival rate of the test-tube seedlings and survival rate of bottling out and transplantation are improved, and the doubling efficiency of the haploid seedlings is improved indirectly.

The invention discloses a free pollen cultivation method of iris ensata thunb. The free pollen cultivation method comprises the following steps: selecting and disinfecting an explant; carrying out inoculated culture; culturing to obtain a callus; carrying out subculture reproduction culture; carrying out rooting culture; and hardening seedlings and transplanting and the like. According to the free pollen cultivation method, iris ensata thunb pollen is used as the explant, iris ensata thunb can be rapidly reproduced, and the reproduction efficiency is high; in the subculture reproduction process, the unpolluted callus is transferred into a first subculture medium to reproduce buds; and after being sub-cultured for 5 times, the buds are transferred to a second subculture medium or a blank culture medium without any hormone to be sub-cultured for one time, and then are transferred into the first subculture medium to be continually reproduced, so that the variation rate in a subculture process is greatly reduced by the operation and the reproduction efficiency is improved.

The invention relates to a method for rapidly propagating large cherries. The method includes the steps of selecting early-stage mononuclear anther for disinfecting; inoculating a callus inducing medium, and conducting culturing to obtain calluses; inoculating a differential medium, and conducting culturing to obtain test tube plantlets; inoculating a rooting medium, and conducting screening to obtain monomer plants. The inducing rate of the calluses of cultured large cherry pollen can be 88%, the rooting rate can be 96%, and the transplanting survival rate can be 98%.

An electron multiplier body, a photomultiplier tube, and a photomultiplier are disclosed. The invention provides the electron multiplier body including a main body portion, an electron incidence portion provided in the main body portion to be opened at one end surface of the main body portion in the first direction, and a channel provided in the main body portion to be opened at the other end surface of the main body portion in the first direction and reach the electron incidence portion and configured to emit secondary electrons, in which the channel includes a first inner surface and a second inner surface facing each other, the first inner surface includes a convex first bent portion and a concave second bent portion, and a plurality of first inclined surfaces, the second inner surface includes a convex third bent portion and a concave fourth bent portion, and a plurality of second inclined surfaces, and an interval between a tip of the first bent portion and a tip of the third bent portion, a distance between the first inclined surface and the second inclined surfaces facing each other, an angle between a pair of first inclined surfaces defining the first bent portion, and a length of the channel satisfy predetermined expressions.

The invention discloses a method for efficiently obtaining chimera-free tetraploid cortex magnoliae officinalis plants and cells. The method comprises the following steps of preparing embryogenic cellinduction materials of which the pore diameter is 200-100[mu]m, treating the embryogenic cells of 200-100[mu]m with colchicine of different concentrations, enabling the treated embryogenic cells to grow and plants to regrow, identifying tetraploid cells and plants, and domesticating and transplanting cortex magnoliae officinalis tetraploid cell differentiation embryos, somatic embryo differentiation plants and tetraploid cortex magnoliae officinalis tissue culture seedlings. According to the method for efficiently obtaining chimera-free tetraploid cortex magnoliae officinalis plants and cells, the redoubling efficiency of cortex magnoliae officinalis diploid can be notably improved, a key technology difficult problem that in the polyploid breeding process, chimeras are easy to generate, is solved, the polyploid breeding efficiency is greatly improved, and large-scale application of a polyploid breeding technique to generate the chimera-free tetraploid cortex magnoliae officinalis plants and cells is possible to realize.

The invention belongs to the field of plant genetic breeding and provides a cultivation method for a polyploidy siraitia grosvenorii plant. The cultivation method for the polyploidy siraitia grosvenorii plant comprises the following steps: cultivating blades or stems of a siraitia grosvenorii female / male plant by applying an MS induced liquid culture medium to obtain siraitia grosvenorii clumpy shoot so as to be used for preparing the polyploidy siraitia grosvenorii plant, wherein epidermis cell scratch treatment is carried out on the blades or stems of the siraitia grosvenorii female / male plant before cultivation. The cultivation method for the polyploidy siraitia grosvenorii plant has the advantages that the polyploidy siraitia grosvenorii plant with excellent maternal inheritable characters can be rapidly and efficiently obtained, cost is low, efficiency is high, a variety is good, chromosome doubling of the siraitia grosvenorii female / male plant is realized, the obtained polyploidy siraitia grosvenorii plant is a prepared tetraploid usually and can be hybridized with a diploid siraitia grosvenorii male / female plant to obtain a triploid seedless variety, so that the cultivation method for the polyploidy siraitia grosvenorii plant has an important agricultural and medicinal guiding significance.

The invention discloses a method for inducing corn haploids. The method comprises the following steps: pollinating a female parent by a male parent corn haploid induction line with a higher corn haploid inductivity than a corn haploid induction line CAU5, and harvesting hybridized F1 generation grains to obtain corn haploids. A method for realizing the corn haploid induction line comprises the following steps: 1, introducing coding gene of a specific centromere histone mutant into a hybrid first generation plant of a corn inbred line HiIIA and a corn inbred line HiIIB to obtain a transgenic corn plant; and 2, hybridizing the specific histone mutant as a female parent with the CAU5 to obtain an F1 generation, hybridizing the F1 generation as a female parent with the CAU5 to obtain a BC1F1 generation, hybridizing the BC1F1 generation as a female parent with the CAU5 to obtain a BC2F1 generation, and continuously selfing the BC2F1 generation at least five generations to obtain the corn haploid induction line.

The invention discloses a free pollen cultivation method of iris ensata thunb. The free pollen cultivation method comprises the following steps: selecting and disinfecting an explant; carrying out inoculated culture; culturing to obtain a callus; carrying out subculture reproduction culture; carrying out rooting culture; and hardening seedlings and transplanting and the like. According to the free pollen cultivation method, iris ensata thunb pollen is used as the explant, iris ensata thunb can be rapidly reproduced, and the reproduction efficiency is high; in the subculture reproduction process, the unpolluted callus is transferred into a first subculture medium to reproduce buds; and after being sub-cultured for 5 times, the buds are transferred to a second subculture medium or a blank culture medium without any hormone to be sub-cultured for one time, and then are transferred into the first subculture medium to be continually reproduced, so that the variation rate in a subculture process is greatly reduced by the operation and the reproduction efficiency is improved.

The invention discloses a preparation method for corn double haploid. Based on a haploid young embryo identification technology, a haploid young embryo doubling technology and a young embryo direct seeding formation technology, a haploid tissue culture identification and doubling technology system can be established, the novel method for rapidly obtaining corn double haploid can be provided; and the method has characteristics of being rapid, efficient and easy in scale operation. Compared with haploid doubling conventional methods, time can be greatly shortened, the scale operation of tissue culture doubling can be more easily, and therefore, the method is suitable for demands of future haploid engineering seed breeding and has large application values in future haploid seed breeding.

The invention belongs to the technical fields of crop biotechnology and genetic breeding, and specifically discloses a method for improving the chromosome doubling efficiency of triploid Echinacea purpurea induced by colchicine. That is, the root explants of triploid Echinacea purpurea were transferred to a medium containing 120 mg / L colchicine and cultured for 18-25 days. The ratio of successfully obtaining hexaploid Echinacea purpurea from the roots of the present invention as explants reaches 64.71%, which is at least 41.21% higher than the doubling success rate of Echinacea purpurea obtained in the prior art. The present invention effectively overcomes the three The chromosome doubling effect of ploidy Echinacea purpurea is poor, and it is difficult to obtain hexaploid strains.

The invention discloses a dihaploid induction method of head cabbage with high efficiency, which belongs to the filed of biological breeding. The method relates to a regeneration of microspore plant of the horticultural plant head cabbage and an improvement of dihaploid induction technology thereof. The method comprises the following steps: (1) selecting bud and separating microspore; (2) doubling inducing and culturing formed embryo; (3) differencing seedlings and subculturing; (4) cultivating strong seedling rooting. According to the invention, the dihaploid of head cabbage can be applied in a mass production with a large scale, a plurality of novel genetype pure lines can be provided for breeding. The method is affected slightly of the growth environment and genotype, and has the advantages of high embryo generation and embryo formation, good doubling effect, strong growth of seedlings plant, less subculture frequency, strong root and seedings after rooting and high survival rate of the field transplanting.

The invention discloses a method for doubling corn haploid seedlings. The invention provides a method for doubling plant haploid seedlings, comprising the following steps: 1) soaking the roots of plant haploid seedlings grown to the 1-4 leaf stage in podophyllotoxin solution to obtain treated plant seedlings; 2) transplanting the treated plant seedlings to the field to realize the doubling of plant haploid seedlings. The doubling technology of corn haploid seedlings provided by the invention can significantly improve the powder loosening rate of the corn haploid, which is as high as 70%, which is far higher than that of the control (generally about 10%). The podophyllotoxin used in this method is weakly volatile, and the operator only needs to wear disposable gloves and masks to operate; at the same time, the haploid doubling is carried out by means of shed or open-field seedling cultivation and transplanting, which does not depend on laboratory operations and is suitable Large-scale batch production of double haploids.

The invention discloses a method for cultivating a maize haploid induction line whose haploid induction rate is higher than that of the maize haploid induction line CAU5. The method comprises 1) introducing the coding gene of the centromere-specific histone mutant into the first-generation hybrid plants of the corn inbred line HiIIA and the corn inbred line HiIIB, and obtaining the centromere-specific histone mutant containing Transgenic corn plants; 2) using the transgenic corn plants as the female parent to cross with the corn haploid induction line CAU5 to obtain an F1 generation, and using the F1 generation as the female parent to perform hybridization with the corn haploid induction line CAU5 Hybridize to obtain BC1F1 generation, and use the BC1F1 generation as the female parent to cross with the corn haploid induction line CAU5 to obtain the BC2F1 generation; the BC2F1 generation is continuously selfed for at least 5 generations, and the maize haploid induction rate is higher than A maize haploid inducer line of the maize haploid inducer line CAU5.