The invention discloses an insertion operating head of a middle-sized electronic component and an insertion method of the insertion operating head. The insertion operating head comprises an insertion head support, a first synchronous belt device, a first control motor, an L-shaped sliding block, a clamping air cylinder, a second synchronous belt device, a second control motor, a single-side movable clamping claw type clamping head, a spline shaft, a first spline shaft sleeve, a second spline shaft sleeve, a pull rod, a pull rod connection sleeve and a thrust bearing, wherein under the action of the clamping air cylinder, the single-side movable claw type clamping head can be controlled to be a clamping or loosen state by the pull rod; under the rotation of the first control motor, the first synchronous belt can drive the L-shaped sliding block, the clamping air cylinder, the spline shaft and the single-side movable claw type clamping head to vertically move upwards and downwards; a second driven pulley of the second synchronous belt device is fixedly connected with the outer peripheral surface of the first spline shaft sleeve; and through the rotation of the second control motor, the second driven pulley, the first spline shaft sleeve, the spline shaft, the second spline shaft sleeve, the single-side movable claw type clamping head, the pull rod and an upper ring of the thrust bearing can be driven to rotate around the axial line of the spline shaft in a horizontal direction.