The invention relates to a man-powered aircraft with a non-tail wing-in-ground layout, which comprises a fuselage, wings, a pair of end plates, a propeller, a rudder, a landing gear and a man-powered take-off running system. The wings are fixed on the upper part of the fuselage, the end plates are respectively suspended on the outer ends of the two sides of the wings, the propeller, the rudder and the landing gear are respectively arranged on the front end, the rear end and the lower part of the fuselage, and the man-powered take-off running system is respectively in transmission connection with the propeller, the rudder and the landing gear. Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages of high lift-drag ratio, small and light structure and simple and practical use.