The invention relates to a dual-use automotive self-rescuing, translation and in-situ turning-around or turning device. By adopting the device, various types of vehicles such as a small/medium-sized field vehicle, an intermediate/high-grade bullet-proof vehicle, a small vehicle, a city recreation vehicle (CRV), a sport utility vehicle (SUV), a jeep, an off-road vehicle and a minibus can be self-rescued from dangers when wheels are in danger, or vehicle bodies can be translated in narrow sites, and the vehicles can freely turn around or turn. According to the device, four double-acting multilayer telescopic hydraulic cylinders are used, wherein one double-acting multilayer telescopic hydraulic cylinder is arranged on each of a headstock and a tailstock, and the other two double-acting multilayer telescopic hydraulic cylinders are used for a middle part; and steel plate turntables with steel balls in the middles and low-speed torque motors with gears serving as small wheels are matched, so that the vehicles such as the small vehicle can turn a certain angle by own capability when the wheels are in danger, so as to get out of danger and automatically leave, and the vehicle bodies can be translated and turned around or turned in narrower places without larger turning radiuses, so as to leave a congested traffic flow and the like. The device can also have an antitheft function.