282 results about "Urban bus" patented technology

The invention discloses an accurate public traffic positioning method based on standard line matching, which pertains to the filed of dynamic public traffic information collection and is applied to dynamic information release and dynamic scheduling. The traditional method adopts the method of difference, inertial navigation or adding road test equipment to improve the positioning precision, and the equipment cost is increased due to the adding of additional hardware modules. According to the deviation or loss rule of the urban public traffic vehicle-bone GPS collected data, by being combined with the public traffic operation characters and on the basis of not increasing the equipment cost, the invention effectively improves the accuracy of the GPS positioning by being matched with the GIS public traffic line map data with the shape points of high density. The method firstly generates the GIS public traffic line map data with the shape points of high density and accurate stop positions so that the map data is taken as a reference to be used as the foundation for correcting the deviation and filling up the lost data, and matches the real-time collected data with the map data to obtain the precise position information, thus meeting the requirement of public traffic positioning. The method can also be applied to the problem of correcting other positioning information with fixed lines.

The invention discloses a method for controlling hybrid power urban buses. The method comprises the steps of off-line optimizing and on-line controlling. The idea of control strategy switching is put forward, driving reference working conditions targeting regions and more conforming to actual bus driving routes are established, off-line overall optimizing is carried out based on the working conditions, the optimum control effect can be achieved, and the problem that the dynamic planning cannot be applied to on-line and real-time control because the calculated quantity of the dynamic planning is large is solved. When the hybrid buses are driven actually, whether the similarities between the actual driving working conditions and the established driving reference working conditions and between the road prediction working conditions and the established driving reference working conditions are judged on line, if yes, real-time torque distribution is carried out on the hybrid power urban buses by calling dynamic planning optimum control parameters stored in a bus main controller, or otherwise, control strategies are switched, on-line and real-time control is carried out on the buses by adopting the fuzzy logic rule control strategy which is high in self-adaptability and realizability, and accordingly the control strategy adaptation is improved.

The present invention belongs to the data processing technology field, and discloses an urban bus dynamic scheduling optimization method and system. The method comprises: on the basis of obtaining information such as degree of congestion of a bus, a road congestion condition, bus real-time location and the like, establishing a three-layer scheduling decision model comprising a time frame bus-times model, a departing time decision model and a path changing model; realizing information interaction of people, vehicles and roads through an internet technology; determining optimal time frame bus times through the time frame bus-times model from the beginning of balancing bus operating cost, passenger waiting time and riding comfort; taking the maximum total meeting times and the minimum total meeting stations of an area as a target regulation departing moment through the departing time decision model so as to effectively reduce the probability of transferring and waiting; and employing the idea of being far away from a jamming road by employing the path changing model to effectively improve the running speed and reduce the following station passenger waiting time, and arranging response stations to allow passengers having missed the stations to get off.

The invention relates to a dispatching management system and a method for event emergency response of urban bus passenger transport. Methods of combining actual measurement data, event prediction model and algorithm as well as event real-time dispatching model and algorithm are comprehensively applied; geographical information technology, locating technology and modern communication technology are scientifically integrated; bus emergency dispatching technology developed through bus network intellectualization and multi-way coordinative dispatching technology of an urban bus passenger transport system are utilized; and an emergency coordinative dispatching model and the method are established by taking the networked bus passenger transport vehicle dispatching and operation dispatching management as a core and based on the key theories and methods for multi-way and multi-line intelligent coordinative dispatching of a urban bus and passenger transport system. The invention provides excellent theory, methods and technique supports for the real-time dispatching of urban bus events, effectively reduces the event recognition time, generates a quick real-time dispatching strategy, effectively eliminates the influences generated by the events, and resumes the driving plan so as to effectively improve the running efficiency and safety of buses.

A vehicle braking kinetic-energy regenerative device relates to a petrol-saving attachment for reclaiming the vehicle braking kinetic-energy, and aims to solve the problem of poor energy-saving effect in the prior vehicle braking kinetic-energy regenerative device. In the vehicle braking kinetic-energy regenerative device, a first brake and a slippage pump are respectively arranged at two ends of a first driven shaft; a second brake and a hydraulic pump motor are respectively arranged at two ends of a second driven shaft; a control oil-channel hydraulic pump is arranged at the middle part of the second driven shaft; an electrohydraulic change valve is connected with a high-pressure hydraulic accumulator; and a central control unit is respectively connected with the brakes, the second brake, the hydraulic pump motor and the electrohydraulic change valve. The vehicle braking kinetic-energy regenerative device recycles the vehicle braking kinetic-energy when the vehicle brakes, and drives the vehicle by releasing the recycled energy when the vehicle starts. The work efficiency of the energy is improved by the active stamping of the slippage pump. The vehicle braking kinetic-energy regenerative device is applicable to city buses and engineering vehicles, and can improve the kinetic performance and the braking performance of vehicles only by slightly reforming the prior vehicles.

The invention discloses a bus passenger movement statistics method and system based on stereo copy. It adopts stereo copy apparatus and algorithm. The stereo copy image collector is positioned on the top of the bus door to real time collect the passenger on-and-off image; the controller adopts stereo copy algorithm to process the two eyes image to obtain the image depth information and obtain the passenger head location, size and grey information by compounding the single eye image processing information; then the following part dose real time following with the passenger head information to obtain the number of the on-and-off passengers so as to obtain the passenger movement information.

The invention relates to a big data based bus route time table collaborative optimization method, and belongs to the technical field of urban bus operation management. Bus GPS (global positioning system) data, bus IC (integrated circuit) card data and route station data are fused and processed into a bus time table to provide actual operation based data support, and a bus time table optimization model considering rail transit transfer is provided. The model takes departure intervals at each time period as decision variables, takes minimum total system cost as an objective function, and comprehensively considers waiting time cost of non-transfer passengers, waiting time cost of transfer passengers and operating cost of bus operating enterprises. Passenger flow data are obtained through multi-source data fusion, a lot of manpower is saved, and accuracy in data is improved. By the consideration of routine bus system and rail transit transfer, reasonability in bus time table preparation is improved. A data model is set up to optimize the bus time table, waiting time cost of passengers and enterprise operating cost are both taken into consideration, and coordination in passenger and enterprise profits is realized.

The invention belongs to the technical field of vehicle transmission and particularly relates to a hybrid transmission device. According to the technical scheme of the hybrid transmission device for urban buses, the hybrid transmission device for the urban buses comprises an engine, a coupling, a clutch, a power splitting bus, a power converging bus, a first brake, a second brake, a double-rotor motor, a third brake, an output shaft, an input shaft, an energy storing device and an integrated controller. According to the hybrid transmission device for the urban buses, a planetary gear train is utilized as an implementing device of a power splitting mechanism, the engine outputs power to a certain component of the planetary gear train, the planetary gear train, by a fixed proportion, outputs one portion of torque through the power splitting bus directly and distributes the other portion of the torque to an inner motor of the double-rotor motor to drive the inner motor to generate electricity, an outer motor converts input electric energy into mechanical energy, and the mechanical energy is output after superposed with torque of the output shaft by utilizing the power converging bus, so that the size of the motor is reduced; and multiple modes can be achieved through the integrated controller, and the advantages of electric transmission and mechanical transmission can be fully taken advantages of.

The invention discloses a method for setting bidirectional green wave signals for a bus trunk line. According to the method for setting the green wave signals, each signal lamp at an intersection is coordinated and controlled, the bus departure moment is adjusted by matching dispatching of a bus, and an optimal green wave signal set method for an urban bus system is calculated and acquired by adopting a corrected numerical solving method. By the method, the influence of green wave signal control at the intersection on the running efficiency of the bus system is fully considered; and buses quickly pass through the intersections in green wave by adjusting the signal phase difference between the intersections of the trunk and the departure time table of the urban buses. The method is convenient to calculate and strong in practicability, can greatly improve the operating efficiency of the urban bus system and bring great convenience to outgoing of urban residents, and has significance for improving the current situation of the urban buses.

The invention discloses a method for setting stop stations of an urban bus line, relating to the technical field of urban bus programming. The method comprises the following steps of: establishing a multi-target programming model through the functional relation between the setting of the bus stop stations as well as an averaged passenger bus travel time, an averaged bus running time and a unit-length bus service cover area; and solving by adopting a correctional vector estimating genetic algorithm to obtain an optimum bus stop station setting scheme. The method in the invention fully takes the influence of the setting of the bus stop stations on passengers, bus operations and urban bas systems into account and ensures that the cover area of the bus service is as large as possible under the condition of ensuring that the passenger bus travel time and the bus running time are as short as possible. Compared with the prior art, the method greatly improves the setting reasonableness and accuracy of the bus stop stations and has the important significance on the urban bus programming.

The invention discloses an intersection bus signal priority control system. The intersection bus signal priority control system comprises a bus priority signal generation device connected with a traffic signal controller at an intersection, an RFID reader arranged at a set distance from an intersection stopping line in the vehicle coming direction, and a vehicle electronic label arranged on a front windshield of a vehicle. The intersection bus signal priority control system is characterized in that the RFID reader accurately reads the vehicle electronic label on a bus approaching the intersection, obtains accurate bus registration information and then sends a bus signal priority request and an expected arrival time to the traffic signal controller so as to enable the traffic signal controller to optimize and adjust signal phase times, so that intersection-level signal control provides time priority to buses, and waiting delays of the buses at the intersection are reduced. The intersection bus signal priority control system is adaptable to signal priority control of an urban bus and also adaptable to signal priority control of a high capacity bus such as a BRT, a trolleybus and a tramcar. In addition, the existing traffic signal controller and traffic signal control system do not need to be reconstructed, and the intersection bus signal priority control system has a wide application prospect.

An all-bearing car body structure of a new-energy urban bus comprises a front wall assembly, a rear wall assembly, a top cover assembly, a bottom frame assembly, a support upright assembly and a closed stressed ring structure of a whole car body, wherein the closed stressed ring structure is formed by two side wall assemblies, the two ends of the support upright assembly are connected with the top cover assembly and the bottom frame assembly, so that the closed stressed ring structure is formed on the cross section of the car body conveniently, meanwhile, a two-layer frame cavity structure arranged in the top cover assembly not only facilitates the placement of energy storage equipment, but also optimizes the space in a car. According to the design, the passenger space in the urban bus is optimized, and the overall bearing uniformity of the car body structure is improved, moreover, the delivery effect of the local structure is stronger, and the closed stressed ring structure is arranged on the support upright assembly.

The invention discloses an index inquiry method for running information of regional urban buses, and belongs to an intelligent traffic technology. The index inquiry method comprises the following steps of: acquiring urban bus station data and bus global positioning system (GPS) data, and removing ineffective data from the bus GPS data; performing logic hierarchy division on urban bus stations to obtain an index tree comprising all stations, and generating a corresponding index sequence for each station; adding index fields to the urban bus GPS data according to regions where the urban bus GPS data are positioned according to the index sequence information; and supplying an inquiry interface to a user, and searching data according to an inquiry condition and the index sequences which are input by the user on the inquiry interface, and returning inquired vehicle information to the user in the form of a file. The invention also discloses an index inquiry system for the running information of the regional urban buses. By the method and the system, the time and space characteristics of bus traffic vehicle data are considered; and the method and the system are particularly suitable for extraction of regional urban bus data.

The invention discloses a multimode public transportation transferring method in an urban congestion period, which comprises the following steps of: step 1, constructing an urban ground-level road network based on real-time traffic information, and dividing different road sections of the urban road into a congestion road section and un-congestion road section; step 2, setting functional weight parameters for calculating costs of a ground bus, a subway and a public bicycle; step 3, establishing an urban public transportation weighted directed transferring network T; step 4, establishing an urban subway directed weighted network S; step 5, establishing a weighted directed public bicycle network B with the urban bus connected with the subway; step 6, by combining with the T network, the S network and the B network, calculating a cost function value, and adopting a breadth-first algorithm to obtain an optimal transferring solution. The multimode public transportation transferring method in the urban congestion period gives consideration to the characteristic that the short-distance tripping way by using the public bicycle and subway is not affected by the congestion of the ground road, accordingly provides the multimode transferring method to adjust the transferring solution automatically based on the congestion condition of the road surface, and enables the influence from the congestion to be minimum.

The invention discloses a SOC (State of Charge) detection and energy balancing system for drive power of a pure electric urban bus, and a method of the same. A power supply system with two battery banks connected in parallel is used, single batteries in each battery bank and an integrating circuit composed of a resistor and a capacitor form a return circuit, the voltage of a capacitor end is taken as an input signal so as to comprehensively calculate a SOC value of the dual-battery bank power supply system, and energy of the single batteries with higher remaining capacity is controlled to flow towards the single batteries with lower remaining capacity according to the SOC detection result of the single batteries of each battery bank, thus, quick balance of battery energy is realized. The circuit structure is simple, the detection precision is high, the battery balancing process has no energy loss, and influence on SOC detection caused by transient variation of voltage of the single batteries when the electric vehicle accelerates or slows down suddenly in the course of driving is eliminated effectively.

The invention discloses an ice cold accumulation supplying cold equipment of city bus including accumulation ice trough, draining valve, circulating pump, scroll heat exchanger, condensate drainpipe, screw type ventilator, circulating pipe, expansion tank, triple valve and expansion pipe. The equipment is no compressor, using miniwatt circulating pump to conquer flow resistance of secondary refrigerant circulating pipe and scroll heat exchanger, secondary refrigerant circulating pipe is drove by circulating pump and transport the energy of accumulation ice trough to scroll heat exchanger, the heat air in the bus flows along scroll heat exchanger shell pass, then be cooled by scroll heat exchanger to deliver into bus, so bus indoor cooling realized. The ice is supplied by ice house utilizing low-cost night electric energy to release bus engine load, induce tail gas discharge and no condensation heat extraction. The equipment is character by simple structure, environmental protection, low cost, easy fixing and so on.

The invention relates to a method of optimizing the running track of a city bus considering energy conservation. The method comprises the following steps: 1) the running interval between the current bus running position and a stop site specified by a running plan is divided to multiple continuous sub intervals according to road features, wherein the road features comprise slope sections, speed-limit sections and intersection sections, and attribute values corresponding to the road features are assigned to each sub interval; 2) according to the divided sub intervals, a city bus driving policy bilayer optimization calculation model considering energy conservation is built; and 3) the city bus driving policy bilayer optimization calculation model is solved, and the optimized track for the running interval between the current bus running position and the stop site specified by the running plan is finally acquired, wherein the optimized track comprises the driving speed, the driving time, the position, the traction force and the braking force of the bus in each sub interval. Compared with the prior art, the method of the invention has the advantages of being dynamic and continuous, reducing energy consumption, improving the punctuality rate and the comfort and the like.

The invention relates to the bus direction system technical field, in particular to a public traffic direction, transfer and inquiry system and a realization method thereof. The public traffic direction, transfer and inquiry system consists of an urban bus station coding map, a client, a communication network and a server. The invention is characterized in that: the urban bus station coding map is compiled and issued; a searcher sends a bus transfer inquiry request to the server through a communication terminal or a special service number or a website of the client and the communication network; the server feeds back a public traffic traveling proposal to the searcher.

The invention discloses an automobile air-conditioner system capable of recovering cold energy of liquefied natural gas (LNG). The automobile air-conditioner system mainly comprises three parts, i.e., an LNG cold-energy recovery heat exchanger, an air heat exchanger and a safety protection device, wherein the LNG cold-energy recovery heat exchanger is connected with a vaporizer in series; the air heat exchanger is used for blowing air at low temperature. The automobile air-conditioner system is characterized in that a coaxial sleeve type heat exchanger is connected in series in the traditional LNG automobile supplying system, the cold capacity recovered in LNG vaporization is supplied to the automobile air conditioner, and the cold supplying and the gas supplying are not influenced mutually; the rotating speed of a fan of the air heat exchanger is automatically controlled so as to realize automatic switching of the conventional air-conditioner air blowing and low-temperature air blowing and realize acquisition of the best heat comfort with limited cold capacity; and the safety protection device with freeze prevention, overpressure prevention and constant-temperature air supplying is adopted for ensuring reliable refrigeration and safe air supplying. The air-conditioner system is compact, practical, safe and reliable, not only is applicable to city buses and inter-city coaches adopting LNG as single fuel, but also is completely applicable to heavy trucks and common automobiles adopting LNG as single fuel according to the principle.

The invention discloses a bus chassis articulated system for a urban bus rapid transit system and a working method thereof. The bus chassis articulated system consists of a turntable device, a hydraulic system and a system control unit ECU, wherein the turntable device comprises a turntable connected between a front turntable frame and a rear turntable frame; the central position of the turntable is movably connected with a mandril positioned in a vertical center line of the turntable; the upper free end of the mandril is connected with an articulated angle sensor; the hydraulic system comprises a left hydraulic cylinder, a right hydraulic cylinder, a hydraulic integrated block, a hydraulic pump and an oil tank which are arranged on the rear turntable frame and rotate together with the rear turntable frame; hydraulic arms of the left and right hydraulic cylinders are respectively sleeved with a cylindrical helical compression spring; front and rear cavities of the left and right hydraulic cylinders are in crossed connection and oil ways are communicated through the hydraulic integrated block; and the system control unit ECU comprises a microprocessor CPU. The bus chassis articulated system provides a larger torque during large-angle turning, realizes the self-locking function on the maximum articulated angle, and prevents a second axle from laterally sliding and front and rear bus bodies from shearing.

The invention relates to a novel vehicle weak-medium degree hybrid power synthetic system, which is adopts a motor, a planetary gear set and a high-speed flywheel assembled together, is suitable to be used as starting acceleration assistance and recover braking energy for various automobiles, tractors, hybrid power vehicles, all terrain vehicles and electric vehicles, and is particularly suitable to be used by city buses. The novel vehicle weak-medium degree hybrid power synthetic system is characterized in that: a planet carrier (1) of the planetary gear set and a wheel are connected or in parallel connection with a vehicle drive system; a sun wheel (2) is coaxially connected with a driving part of a clutch (8); a driven part of the clutch (8) is connected with the flywheel (6) which is connected with the motor (9); a planet wheel (3) is arranged on the planet carrier (1) and is meshed with an inner gear ring (4) of the sun wheel (8); the periphery of the inner gear ring (4) is provided with a brake strap (5); the planet carrier (1) can be connected with a gear (7); and the gear (7) can be connected with a wheel or the drive system.

The invention discloses an opportunity network architecture based on urban public transport, providing information gathering service and information announcement service and comprising three-layer architecture of bottom layer node, intermediate layer node and top layer node. The bottom layer node comprises mobile equipment of user and information issuing and information acquisition equipment, thebottom layer uploads own information to the intermediate layer and also can download information which is of interest to the bottom layer from the intermediate layer; the intermediate layer is a public vehicle-mounted BIT node provided with a GPS function module and three wireless interfaces, the BIT node provides information service for the bottom layer and the BIT node and the bottom layer can transmit information each other, and data transceiving can be carried out with the top layer; the top layer is a gateway node which is arranged at fixed position of city and is interconnected with theInternet, and the top layer is in charge of issuing information to mobile BIT node nearby or gathering information from the BIT node. The invention has the advantages that cost is low, expandability is good, and convenient practical low-cost information service is provided for user; and the architecture has data collection function of sensor network.

The invention relates to a mechanical and electric combined brake energy recovery and secondary traction device, which is suitable for brake energy recovery and secondary traction of various vehicles, tractors, hybrid electric vehicles and electric vehicles, particularly suitable for public transports. The device has the functions of brake energy recovery and secondary traction and is characterized in that: a planet carrier (1) is connected in parallel between an output shaft of a speed changer and wheels; a sun wheel (2) is coaxially connected with a brake drum (9); the brake drum (9) is coaxially connected with a shaft of a motor (10); a brake belt (5) is arranged at the periphery of an internal gear ring (4); the internal gear ring (4) is coaxial with a flywheel (6); a unidirectional overrunning clutch (7) is arranged on the flywheel (6), so that the flywheel (6) rotates only in one direction; and a controller (11) controls the motor (10) and a storage battery (12) and determines that the motor is converted into a working condition of a generator according to a set working condition to charge the storage battery (12) or drives the motor (10) to output power.

The invention discloses a nonmetal ceramic matrix drum brake pad for a bus and a preparation method thereof. The production flow is as follows: sequentially weighting 20 to 40 nonmetal composite fiber, 10 to 20 friction performance regulator, 20 to 30 vitrified bond, 0 to 5 heat conductivity fiber, 5 to 10 elastic flexibilizer and 10 to 20 filling and placing in a high speed blend mixer to be mixed evenly; then pressing, thermocuring processing, final machining and vitrified processing; and completing checking and package according to the dry-press process technology of traditional resin matrix friction material. The nonmetal ceramic matrix drum brake pad manufactured according to the technology has the advantages of agile emergency brake, comfortable and steady performance, no noise, little dust accumulation, good economical performance, simple production technology and environmental protection and is particularly applicable to civil buses.

The invention provides a night-shift bus stop and path selection method, which comprises a candidate bus stop setting method and an optimal bus path selection method, wherein the candidate bus stop setting method is characterized by defining hot spot regions of a city by utilizing getting-on / off position information of taxies, and then, selecting a candidate bus stop from each hot spot region; and the optimal bus path selection method is characterized by constructing a directed graph based on the candidate bus stops and driving route direction and distance, and then, obtaining one-way and two-way bus optimal driving paths through a one-way optimal path algorithm and a two-way path selection algorithm respectively. The method can help to improve an urban bus service system, provides more convenience to related people and meanwhile, can improve efficiency.

The invention discloses a local abnormity factor-based urban heavy-traffic road detection method. The method is characterized by comprising the steps of: firstly dividing urban bus GPS data into space-time segments from the space and time perspectives by using bus route and station data, extracting, from the space-time segments, characteristic values which reflect the road traffic condition, calculating a local abnormity factor of each space-time segment by using the characteristic value, calculating an abnormity index of each road section, ranking the abnormity indexes, and finally obtaining the heavy-traffic road of the urban traffic. The local abnormity factor-based urban heavy-traffic road detection method of the invention has the characteristics of strong feasibility, wide application range and low manpower consumption, makes it possible to automatically detect the heavy-traffic road of urban traffic by using data and provides effective information for urban traffic planning.

Aiming at the conventional bus lines of which the bus dispatch frequency is less than 30 minutes, the invention provides a method for acquiring the arrival interval reliability of an urban bus. In a process of defining the arrival interval reliability of the urban bus, various definition features of the conventional reliability are fused; the running reliability of a station bus under different arrival intervals is determined by using a segment calculation method; reliability weight values of different buses at different stations on different lines are determined by planning the arrival interval, the flow and the like; and the bus arrival interval reliability index calculation method is provided based on a station layer, a line layer and a network layer. By the improved method for acquiring the arrival interval reliability, the shortcomings of the conventional method for acquiring the index of the arrival interval reliability can be well overcome; the method is easy to operate; the calculation result is rational and can reflect the actual running characteristic of the bus; and the method is relatively high in practical value.

The invention provides a city perceptual information system based on a bus. The system comprises a plurality of sensors, a data collecting unit, an image collecting unit, a global positioning system (GPS) unit, a gateway unit, a transmission unit and a cloud server. The data collecting unit is used for collecting environmental data collected by the sensors. The image collecting unit is used for collecting an internal image and an external image of the city bus. The GPS unit is used for collecting position information and running speed of the city bus. The cloud server is used for receiving and storing the environmental data, the internal image and the external image of the city bus, and the position information and the running speed of the city bus, receiving an inquiry instruction sent by a user terminal, and transmitting information corresponding to the inquiry instruction to the user terminal. By means of the city perceptual information system based on the bus, a unified platform is formed between pieces of perceptual information, and the good fault-tolerant ability between networks can be ensured.

The invention relates to a bus based urban GNSS frangibility monitoring system and method. The system comprises an inertial navigation module, a GNSS navigation module, a map matching navigation module, a combined navigation analysis module, a GNSS frangibility analysis module and a network communication module. According to the system and method, public transport tools, namely urban buses, and vehicle-mounted equipment thereof are used, the realization cost is low, collected data is high in instantaneity, large in the sample amount and wide in coverage range, a reliable, accurate and real-time statistical analysis result can be obtained, driving characteristics of the buses are combined fully, characteristic point matching and dead reckoning navigation are carried out via mileometers and e-maps, it can be ensured that the system can carry out navigation effectively event GNSS navigation is in failure or is interfered / cheated, and thus, continuous monitoring is realized, and GNSS frangibility born by the buses can be calculated more accurately.

The invention discloses an electric vehicle, which is composed of a vehicle body (1), a chassis (2), a power battery (3), and a driver motor and a driver motor controller (4), etc. The electric vehicle is provided with a plurality of power batteries for using switch; wherein, one power battery is used for power supply in the electric vehicle, and the other batteries are charged in a charging station; when the battery in the electric vehicle is exhausted, another full-charged battery substitutes for being used, thus leading the electric vehicle to continue to move. The substituted battery is charged again in the charging station for being used next time, and the charging time does not influence the driving of the electric vehicle. The electric vehicle is the same with cellphones, after the electricity runs out, batteries can be substituted for continuous usage, thus overcoming the drawback that existing electric vehicles stop for charging; the invention represents that the all-electric vehicles transform from a development phase into an application phase. The invention is applicable to various short-trip cars used for cities like city buses, cabs, business cars and family cars, etc.