The invention discloses a tailings processing system. The tailings processing system includes a material feeding device, a first material splitting machine, a first conveyor, a crusher, a second conveyor, a material selecting device, a second material splitting machine, and a third conveyor, the tailings in a tailings storage are processed and conveyed, and finally different grades and different types of materials are output at the material selection device and conveyed onto a transport vehicle respectively for different types of further processing and application; through the systematic configuration of from the tailings storage to the entire processes of loading, crushing, sorting, and transportation, the to-be-processed tailings are processed from the tailings storage to the output of various types of available materials, and the current vacancy of the lack of a preliminary treatment system of the tailings is filled.