The invention relates to the technical field of crop planting, in particular to a planting method of sweet potatoes. The method comprises the steps of adding 25-40 kg of lime powder in per mu of cultivated land and conducting deep-ploughing treatment on the cultivated land, thickening soil layers to form pieces of ridges, planting two rows of sweet potato seedlings on each ridge in a mutually staggering mode, and scientifically fertilizing fertilizer. According to the planting method of the sweet potatoes, by adding the lime powder into the cultivated land, and using a rake to conduct the deep-ploughing treatment on the cultivated land, the lime powder is effectively and sufficiently mixed with soil, and thus the purpose of preventing insect damage is achieved; on each single ridge, two adjacent rows of sweet potatoes are planted in a staggering mode, thus it is guaranteed that nutrients in a field are sufficiently absorbed, and the situation that sweet potato seedlings which are planted side by side are mutually interfered and influenced is avoided. According to the planting method of the sweet potatoes, the sweet potatoes are high in yield, developed in root system, and high in fertilizer adsorbing capacity, the insect damage is effectively prevented, root promoting and seedling protection are achieved, the sweet potato seedlings are bright in leaf, the harvested sweet potatoes are excellent in overall quality, and high in yield, and thus the planting method of the sweet potatoes is suitable for agricultural popularization.