A butterfly-shaped jet-propelled aircraft capable of taking off and landing vertically comprises a butterfly-shaped shell, a supercharged air inlet device, an air supply tube, an oil storage box, an oil supply tube, an engine, an air jet hole, a cab, passenger and freight bin, taking-off supporting wheel, a landing wheel and a taking-off air storage tank. The supercharged air inlet device comprises a conical signal receiver, a cylindrical air inlet, a connecting surface and an air supply half tube, conical tips of conical and double-semi-conical supercharged air inlets are outward, bottoms ofadjacent cones are tangential in pairs, and the engine consists of the gas supply tube, the oil supply tube, a rotary air injection control valve, an air injection guide tube and a turning sprayer; the rotary air injection control valve is positioned in the center and comprises a rotating shaft and a fixing sleeve, the center of the rotating shaft is a combustion air injection rotary guide tube, the bottom of the guide tube is a 90-degree elbow, during rotation, the elbow is successively connected with various combustion chambers, a primary cooling and rotary air injection guide tube and a secondary cooling and rotary air injection guide tube are arranged on the outer side of the combustion air injection rotary guide tube, the 90-degree elbow is arranged on the bottom of the combustion airinjection rotary guide tube and is connected with various air injection accelerators along with rotation, and generated high-speed injected air is sprayed out via the sprayer.