The invention discloses a swimmer danger monitoring and self-rescue device. The device is characterized in that the device comprises a shell and a gas generator which are worn on a wrist. A touch display screen, a charging socket and a closing alarm switch are arranged outside the shell, and a time module, a central control module, an emergency execution module, a lithium battery, a wireless communication module, an alarm module and a detection module are arranged in the shell. The gas generator comprises an external light shell, a manual button and a bottom cover are arranged on the light shell, and a hose, a liquid funnel communicated with the hose, a cavity, a generator generating a chemical reaction and an air bag collecting gas are arranged in the light shell. The device is easy to use, wide in application range, small, light and cheap; the size of the device is about 50-60 mm, the weight of the device is about 400-500 g, and the user will not feel uncomfortable by wearing the device on the wrist. Chemical substances are used for chemical reactions, so cost can be reduced, waste is avoided, the effect that device is small, exquisite and light is achieved, and the device can bereused by re-adding dosage.