The invention relates to a method for identifying deer blood powder. The method comprises the following steps: (1) taking known genuine deer blood powder and sample powder, using KBr pellets to respectively measure infrared spectral diagrams of the known genuine deer blood powder and the sample powder, and performing peak position, peak intensity, peak form and wave number contrastive analysis onthe two infrared spectral diagrams; and determining that the sample powder is a counterfeit product if the two infrared spectral diagrams are different completely, and performing the following step for analysis if the two infrared spectral diagrams are similar or the same; and (2) taking the known genuine deer blood powder and the sample powder, respectively performing solvent extraction on the known genuine deer blood powder and the sample powder by using n-hexane, petroleum ether (60-90 DEG C), methanol, ethanol and a mixture of ethanol and water (v/v), respectively determining the infraredspectral diagrams of extracts of the known genuine deer blood powder and the sample powder, and performing two-two peak position, peak intensity, peak form and wave number contrastive analysis on theinfrared spectral diagrams of the extracts of the genuine product and the sample obtained by extraction with the same solvent; and determining that the sample is a counterfeit product if main data inthe contrastive analysis of three and more infrared spectral diagrams with respect to the five solvent extracts is different. By adopting the method, ingredients in the original medicinal material donot need to be separated one by one, and the authenticity of the deer blood powder can be quickly, simply and directly judged without losing the nature of the original medicinal material.