The invention discloses a measuring device for an interferential sensor arm length difference. The measuring device comprises a broadband light source, a Mach-Zehnder intensity modulator, a microwave frequency sweeping source, a power divider, a direct-current stabilized power supply, a high-speed photoelectric detector, a radio-frequency amplifier, a phase shifter, a frequency mixer, a low-pass filter, an AD sampler and a measuring processer. The measuring device breaks through a thinking mode of measurement in a pure light domain, a microwave signal is led in, and a signal of the arm length difference is modulated on a light load microwave phase by the aid of an original light path structure of a sensor without damaging the sensor, so that the arm length difference is measured by demodulating the microwave phase. The measuring device mainly has the advantages that the measuring device is low in implementation cost, wide in measuring range, high in accuracy and high in speed, does not need to be supported by a special instrument and can fully automatically measure, manual adjustment is omitted, and a measuring result can be outputted only by connecting a measured sensor on the measuring device.