The invention discloses an intelligent wheelchair voice drive controller and an identification and control method. The controller includes an audio circuit module, a voice processing circuit module, a MAX232 communication module, a DSP processor, a joystick circuit module, a speed regulation circuit module, Power supply circuit module, motor drive circuit module, fault detection circuit module, voltage and current detection circuit module, brake circuit module. Speech recognition adopts a specific human speech recognition method based on fuzzy support vector machine, which improves the recognition rate and enhances the anti-noise ability. The DSP processor controls the coordinated operation of the motor by outputting PWM waves. The invention proposes a master-slave intelligent wheelchair voice drive control scheme with a single-chip microcomputer as a voice information processor and a DSP as a drive controller. The advantage of the present invention is that it can be controlled manually or automatically by voice, and it is convenient to use.