The invention provides a method for autonomous access to a low-orbit broadcast satellite without ephemeris, aiming to solve a problem that a terminal device cannot access to a low-orbit broadcast satellite without ephemeris. The method is as follows: amid no ephemeris or ephemeris failure, the terminal device autonomously accesses to the low-orbit broadcast satellite, wherein autonomous accessingfalls into three stages: target search stage, target precise tracking stage and orbit data receiving stage, in the target search stage, a target is searched in a full-range traversing manner in a search spatial domain, after a satellite signal is found, target precise tracking stage is started, the terminal is guaranteed to receive the satellite signal constantly in a time period through orbit observation and extrapolation methods, after precise tracking for a fixed time, the orbit data receiving stage is started, a terminal receiver solves orbit data delivered by a satellite in a received data frame, and complete update of local ephemeris and access to subsequent circle by using new orbit data.