The invention discloses a detection device for lithium battery processing. The detection device comprises a base, a second support, an orientation adjusting mechanism, a third support, a detection mechanism and a third electric telescopic rod, the second support is located at the right side of a first electric telescopic rod at the rear side, and the orientation adjusting mechanism is connected with the bottom of a first piston rod; and the third support is located at the right side of the second support, a second hydraulic cylinder is fixed to the inner top of the third support, the detectionmechanism is arranged on a cover frame, the third electric telescopic rod is located at the right side of the third support, and the front end of the third electric telescopic rod is connected with asecond push plate. According to the detection device for lithium battery processing, after a lithium battery moves to the position under the cover frame, the cover frame moves downwards and is placedat the outer side of the lithium battery in a covering manner, at the moment, electrode plates can abut against the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the lithium battery under the action of compression springs, and the voltage of the lithium battery can be detected by using an external control device in a matched manner; and meanwhile, a detection probe can detect the damage condition of the surface of the lithium battery.