The invention relates to the technical field of casing centralizing devices and discloses a hydraulic casing centralizer with double hydraulic cylinders. The hydraulic casing centralizer comprises a casing nipple, an upper hydraulic cylinder barrel, a lower hydraulic cylinder barrel, an upper backstop shaft sleeve, a lower backstop shaft sleeve, a first limiting device, a second limiting device, a third limiting device, a fourth limiting device and at least one spring plate, wherein the first limiting device is fixedly arranged at the outer side of the upper part of the casing nipple; the outer side of the upper part of the casing nipple is sleeved by the upper backstop shaft sleeve; and the outer side of the upper part of the upper backstop shaft sleeve is fixed together with the inner side of the lower part of the first limiting device. The hydraulic casing centralizer is reasonable and compact in structure, and convenient to use; both the upper hydraulic cylinder barrel and the lower hydraulic cylinder barrel can push the spring plate to expand, so that the centering effect of a casing connected with the hydraulic casing centralizer in a well can be improved, and the centralizing effect of the hydraulic casing centralizer to the casing is improved; and meanwhile, the formed cement sheath is uniform in thickness, the well cementation quality is improved, and risks existing in later-period production and oil and gas invasion in operation are reduced.