The invention discloses a computer cooling case which comprises a case body, a cooling assembly, a hose, a fan set and cooling fins. The invention further discloses a cooling method of the computer cooling case. According to the cooling case of the computer, the cooling mode and layout are improved; the heat exchange of the main air flow is far away from parts and components, deposition of dust around medium and micro electronic elements can be effectively reduced, short circuit and overheating caused by dust accumulation are avoided, air resources of an open area at the front end of a computer are effectively utilized, hot air exhausted by the computer at the rear part of the computer is prevented from participating in flowing again, and the cooling efficiency of parts and components is improved. According to the computer heat dissipation case, an existing case production line is slightly changed, and a production process does not need to be changed. Meanwhile, due to the fact that the front portion is open and the rear portion is closed in the position where the computer host is placed, a heat dissipation system can absorb more cold air through the case of a new heat dissipationlayout, continuous fault-free time of a computer is prolonged, and the service life of the computer is prolonged.