A fingerprint identification and authentication circuit of a mobile terminal is used for identifying fingerprints of a user when the mobile terminal enters procedures requiring authentication. The fingerprint identification and authentication circuit comprises an inputting module, a switching module, a scanning driving module, an identification driving module, a fingerprint sensing module, a sensing module, a signal processing module, a clock control module, a fingerprint imaging module, an I/O (input/output) control module and a master control module; and when the mobile terminal enters the procedures requiring authentication, a touch command inputted by a user is received, and a touch mode of the mobile terminal is switched into the fingerprint sensing module. A fingerprint image inputted by the user is acquired and is compared to a pre-stored fingerprint image, if the fingerprint image is consistent to the pre-stored fingerprint image, the user is permitted to enter the procedures requiring authentication, and if the fingerprint image is not consistent to the pre-stored fingerprint image, the user is forbidden from entering the procedures requiring authentication. Fingerprints belong to biological characteristics and are unique. After the fingerprints serve as procedure entering conditions, the user does not need to memorize an account and a corresponding password, and data of the account and the password are not easy to steal.