The invention discloses a hydraulic continuous drawing mechanism and a copper alloy wire rod surface peeling system adopting the drawing mechanism. The drawing mechanism comprises a drawing workbench,a front drawing mechanism body and a rear drawing mechanism body. Each drawing mechanism body comprises a moving table, a die, a large oil cylinder and a small oil cylinder, wherein the moving tablemoves forwards and backwards under the action of the large oil cylinder, the moving table comprises a top plate, a bottom plate, a pair of positioning plates, sliding plates and a half die, a movablespace with a narrow front portion and a wide rear portion is formed between the pair of positioning plates, and the sliding plates are arranged on the inner sides of the positioning plates and can move back and forth along the inclined planes of the inner sides of the positioning plates. The peeling system comprises a paying-off mechanism, a vertical roller straightening mechanism, a vertical roller straightening mechanism, a straightening die, a turning peeling machine, the hydraulic continuous drawing mechanism and a take-up mechanism. The concentric or small-amplitude eccentric peeling of awire rod is realized, and the surface is clean and bright; meanwhile, the speeds of the oil cylinders of the hydraulic continuous drawing mechanism are matched to alternately work, the whole wire rodcan be continuously peeled, continuous peeling is achieved, and the production efficiency is high.