The invention discloses a method for evaluating the lightning current ablation ability of a grounding wire in a transmission line. The method comprises: by testing the relationship between the cross-section size of different wires, the diameter of a single strand of a wire, the magnitude of a lightning current, the type of a lightning current waveform, and the residual breaking force, respectively, and the lightning current ablation ability of a grounding wire in a transmission line , obtaining quantitative evaluation data of 5 aspects, comprehensively evaluating the lightning current ablationability of the grounding wire in the transmission line , and providing technical support for the lightning-proof selection of the grounding wire in the transmission line, therefore ensuring the safeand stable operation of the power grid.