33 results about "Accessory Olfactory Bulb" patented technology

Intranasal administration of proteins, such as insulin and insulin analogues, in particular immunogenic proteins to the upper posterior region of a nasal cavity of a subject, and in particular the olfactory bulb region.

The invention relates to an electronic nose recognition method based on a bionic olfactory bulb model and a convolutional neural network. The electronic nose recognition method comprises: sampling to-be-recognized object by using an electronic nose platform to obtain an electronic nose sample data set S; constructing a bionic olfactory bulb model, wherein the bionic olfactory bulb model is formedby connecting a plurality of olfactory glomerulus models, the number of the olfactory glomerulus models in the bionic olfactory bulb model is the same as the number of electronic nose sensors, each olfactory glomerulus model is formed by connecting four basic neuron models, and the four basic neuron models respectively are an olfactory receptor, a mitral cell, a granulosa cell and a olfactory glomerulus pericyte; inputting the ample data set S into the bionic olfactory bulb model by using the olfactory receptor, and processing to obtain a new multivariate pulse time series data set S'; carrying out data normalization processing; obtaining a corresponding grayscale data set M; determining a convolutional neural network model; and training. With the electronic nose recognition method of thepresent invention, the automatic feature extraction and the end-to-end learning can be achieved, and the versatility of the electronic nose recognition algorithm can be improved.

A method is described for isolating ensheathing cells, in particular those from olfactory lamina propria and use of the isolated ensheathing cells and lamina propria respectively in transplantation. Isolated lamina propria and ensheathing cells from the olfactory mucosa are well suited for autologous transplantation, where the donor and recipient are the same, as surgical biopsy of the olfactory mucosa is less damaging than isolating tissue from other location of a person's body, for example the olfactory bulb. Transplantation is particularly directed to neural regions (for example the brain, spinal cord and / or peripheral nerves) of a human to assist recovery of acute and chronic nerve damage following surgery or trauma.

There is provided a central nervous system labelling composition for intranasal administration for the purpose of labelling the central nervous system from the olfactory epithelium by way of the olfactory bulb and by means of intranasal administration. Additionally, there is provided a method of non-invasively labelling the central nervous system by way of an administration route that entails little transferability to the entire body. Furthermore, there is provided a screening method using a central nervous system labelling composition for intranasal administration. A central nervous system labelling composition for intranasal administration is characterized by labelling the central nervous system from the olfactory epithelium by way of the olfactory bulb and by means of intranasal administration and by containing at least one compound expressed either by the general formula (1) or the general formula (2) shown below as effective component:

A nasal delivery device for and method of delivering a substance, preferably comprising oxytocin, non-peptide agonists thereof and antagonists thereof, preferably as one of a liquid, as a suspension or solution, or a powder, to the nasal airway of a subject, preferably the posterior region of the nasal airway, and preferably the upper posterior region of the nasal airway which includes the olfactory bulb and the trigeminal nerve, and preferably in the treatment of neurological conditions and disorders.

A nasal delivery device for and method of delivering a substance, preferably comprising oxytocin, non-peptide agonists thereof and antagonists thereof, preferably as one of a liquid, as a suspension or solution, or a powder to the nasal airway of a subject, preferably the posterior region of the nasal airway, and preferably the upper posterior region of the nasal airway which includes the olfactory bulb and the trigeminal nerve, and preferably in the treatment of neurological conditions and disorders.

The invention relates to a method for presenting stereoscopic smell scenes. The method comprises the following steps that the concentration of smell in airflow is adjusted, so that the smell concentrations of the left nasal cavity and the right nasal cavity are the same or different, and therefore the scenes of smell sources from different directions are constructed. A wearing system of the stereoscopic smell scenes can be constructed, and the concentration ratio of the smell on the two sides of the nose is adjusted so that nerve electrical activities, with different intensities, of olfactoryepithelium and downstream olfactory bulbs on the two sides of the nose of a wearer can be caused; through anterior olfactory nucleus integration processing, stereoscopic olfactory perception with spatial information is generated and can be integrated with information of visual sense and other senses, and then the perception of the wearer about space and objects is promoted. The wearing system is simple in design and use method, high in operability and capable of providing a very real stereoscopic smell sense.

The system includes five components: (1) a sensor array, (2) a processor, (3) a transmitter, (4) a receiver-stimulator, and (5) an implantable electrode array. The olfactory implant system generates odor fingerprints by detecting odors with an array of chemical sensors and then transmitting variable spatio-temporal stimulation patterns for an electrode array with electrode stimulating points positioned at different locations in the olfactory cortex (e.g., stimulating the olfactory bulb). Different patterns of activity in the olfactory cortex are thereby generated which mimic the sense of smell in a subject. Once trained the system should be usable by a subject to detect or correctly identify one or more odors.

A method of transplanting cells into a subject is disclosed. The method comprises transplanting the cells into the paranasal sinus of the subject or the subarachnoid cavity situated between the frontal bone of skull and the olfactory bulb of the subject. Devices for paranasal sinus transplantation and subarachnoid cavity transplantation are also disclosed.

The invention relates to a device for presenting stereoscopic smell scenes. By presenting smells with the same concentration or different concentrations on the two sides of the nasal cavity, the smellsource scenes from the left side or the right side or the front portion are constructed. The device comprises an air flow driving and filtering part, a smell generation part, a smell output and wearing part and a control valve control system. The concentration ratio of the smells on the two sides of the nose is adjusted so that nerve electrical activities, with different intensities, of olfactoryepithelium and downstream olfactory bulbs on the two sides of the nose of a wearer can be caused; through anterior olfactory nucleus integration processing, stereoscopic olfactory perception with spatial information is generated and can be integrated with information of visual sense and other senses, and then the perception of the wearer about space and objects is promoted. A wearing system is simple in design and use method, high in operability and capable of providing a very real stereoscopic smell sense.

The invention belongs to the field of medicine research and development, relates to medicinal substances, and particularly relates to a medicinal substance with anti-depression effect. The medicinal substance is obtained by performing ethanol extraction and macro-porous adsorption resin purification on polygala tenuifolia decoction, and is enriched with phenolic acid components, terpene components and phenylpropanoids components in the polygala tenuifolia decoction. Furthermore, tests on an olfactory bulb damaged rat depression model prove that the traditional Chinese medicinal composition can be used for increasing the content of 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) and noradrenaline (NE) in the hippocampus of the rat brain, so that the aim of anti-depression can be achieved.

There is provided a central nervous system labelling composition for intranasal administration for the purpose of labelling the central nervous system from the olfactory epithelium by way of the olfactory bulb and by means of intranasal administration. Additionally, there is provided a method of non-invasively labelling the central nervous system by way of an administration route that entails little transferability to the entire body. Furthermore, there is provided a screening method using a central nervous system labelling composition for intranasal administration. A central nervous system labelling composition for intranasal administration is characterized by labelling the central nervous system from the olfactory epithelium by way of the olfactory bulb and by means of intranasal administration and by containing at least one compound expressed either by the general formula (1) or the general formula (2) shown below as effective component:

Method for generating monoclonal antibodies that recognize progenitor cells. Said method comprises immunization of an Armenian hamster with neurospheres obtained from olfactory bulb cells from a 13.5-day mouse embryo and subsequent selection of the antibodies by means of neurosphere flow cytometry in the presence of propidium iodide. The antibodies thus obtained may be of use in the enrichment of cell cultures in progenitor cells, primarily neural progenitor cells.

The invention provides a method for separating and culturing olfactory ensheathing cells of mice. The method comprises the steps of taking a female mouse in the middle and late pregnancy, taking out amouse embryo, taking out an olfactory bulb of the mouse embryo, cutting the olfactory bulb tissue into pieces, adding a complete medium containing serum, filtering with a 200-mesh sieve, sucking thetissue fluid out and adding into a centrifuge tube for centrifuging, discarding the supernatant, resuspending, and repeating the operation for three times; adding into the complete medium to adjust the cell concentration, and culturing in a constant temperature incubator; then, using a differential adhension method to purify the olfactory ensheathing cells. After the method for separating and culturing the olfactory ensheathing cells of the mice is adopted, the separated and cultured olfactory ensheathing cells are large in quality, high in density and strong in biological activity.

Method for generating monoclonal antibodies that recognize progenitor cells. Said method comprises immunization of an Armenian hamster with neurospheres obtained from olfactory bulb cells from a 13.5-day mouse embryo and subsequent selection of the antibodies by means of neurosphere flow cytometry in the presence of propidium iodide. The antibodies thus obtained may be of use in the enrichment of cell cultures in progenitor cells, primarily neural progenitor cells.

Intranasal administration of proteins, such as insulin and insulin analogues, in particular immunogenic proteins to the upper posterior region of a nasal cavity of a subject, and in particular the olfactory bulb region.

A method and apparatus for readily and reliably screening olfactory mucosa stimulating compounds are provided. An olfactory mucosa stimulating compound is sprayed through an atomizing nozzle 33 to an olfactory mucosa of a rat fixed in a test animal fixing device 32. A measuring electrode portion 10 is implanted in an olfactory bulb of the rat for measuring an electrical signal generated in the olfactory bulb. Efficacy of the olfactory mucosa stimulating compound is determined based on a correlation between an electrical signal measured by the measuring electrode portion 10 when the olfactory mucosa stimulating compound is sprayed on the olfactory mucosa of the rat and a physiological response induced in the rat.

Technology for the transition of light and sound over long distances, e.g. TV and radio, has revolutionized society. On the contrary, the technology to perceive a smell remotely is in its infancy, and has severe limitations such as latency, residual and infidelity. A system and methods are disclosed to allow smells to be perceived remotely. It is based on the brain waves associated with the olfactory bulb.

The invention provides a method for separating newly born rat olfactory bulb olfactory ensheat hing cells (OECs). The method is applied to the purification process of the OECs. The purification process comprises the following steps of: collecting the OECs, separating the OECs, and grouping, purifying and comparing the OECs; and performing morphologic observation and detecting the purity of the OECs. Through experiments of different methods for purifying the newly born rat olfactory bulb OECs, the newly born rat olfactory bulb OECs which are cultivated in vitro are mainly bipolar cells or three-pole cells, and the protuberances of the cells are thin and long. The OECs which are not purified are fibroblast which grows quickly, and is dominant; and the average value of the purity of the OECs which are inoculated after 14 days is more than 75 percent by the three purification methods. The purification rate of a p75 antibody adsorption method and a cytarabine inhibition method is slightly greater than that of a differential adhesion method. The cell purification of the newly born rat olfactory OECs is necessary in primary culture; and in research on spinal cord injury and regeneration, compared with the p75 antibody adsorption method and the cytarabine inhibition method, the differential adhesion method is simple, economic and practical method for purifying the OECs.

The invention provides a pharmaceutical composition for treating depression and a preparation method and application thereof. The pharmaceutical composition comprises the active pharmaceutical ingredients, by weight, 80-150 parts of rhizoma cyperi, 80-150 parts of cardamom, 80-150 parts of mint, 80-120 parts of fennel, 60-100 parts of radix bupleuri, 30-80 parts of selfheal, 80-120 parts of humifuse euphorbia herb, 120-200 parts of liquorice, 100-150 parts of Chinese date, 50-100 parts of spina date seed, 30-50 parts of cortex albiziae and 60-100 parts of myrobalan. A rat chronic mild unpredictable stress model, a rat olfactory bulb excision model, a mouse behavior despiring model and a 5-hydroxytryptophan induced mouse head shaking behavior model prove that the pharmaceutical compositionhas an anti-depression effect, in addition, the pharmaceutical composition can be prepared into tablets, pills, granules, syrups and capsules through a conventional method, and the preparation methodis simple, safe, economical and effective.

A composition of an olfactory stimulus mechanism for stimulating the production of testosterone. A method of increasing the level of testosterone in an individual by smelling the truffle extract, causing androgens in the truffle extract to attach to the olfactory bulb in the individual, and inducing testosterone production. A method of preventing the onset of Alzheimer's disease in an individual by the individual smelling the truffle extract, and inducing testosterone production in the individual. A method of treating symptoms of menopause in a woman by the woman smelling the truffle extract, and inducing testosterone production in the woman. A method of treating andropause in a man by a man smelling the truffle extract, and inducing testosterone production in the man.

A method of transplanting cells into a subject is disclosed. The method comprises transplanting the cells into the paranasal sinus of the subject or the subarachnoid cavity situated between the frontal bone of skull and the olfactory bulb of the subject. Devices for paranasal sinus transplantation and subarachnoid cavity transplantation are also disclosed.

A composition of an olfactory stimulus mechanism for stimulating the production of testosterone. A method of increasing the level of testosterone in an individual by smelling the truffle extract, causing androgens in the truffle extract to attach to the olfactory bulb in the individual, and inducing testosterone production. A method of preventing the onset of Alzheimer's disease in an individual by the individual smelling the truffle extract, and inducing testosterone production in the individual. A method of treating symptoms of menopause in a woman by the woman smelling the truffle extract, and inducing testosterone production in the woman. A method of treating andropause in a man by a man smelling the truffle extract, and inducing testosterone production in the man.

The invention belongs to the field of drug research and development, and relates to a drug substance, in particular to a drug substance with antidepressant effect and a preparation method thereof. It is obtained from Polygala Decoction through ethanol extraction and macroporous adsorption resin purification, which enriches the phenolic acid components, terpenoid components, and phenylpropanoid components in Polygala Decoction, and is proved by rat olfactory bulb damage and depression model tests. The pharmaceutical composition can increase the content of 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) and norepinephrine (NE) in the hippocampal region of the rat brain, thereby achieving the purpose of antidepressant.

The invention discloses applications of a Xinnaoxin capsule in preparation of antidepressant medicines, particularly applications in preparation of medicines treating depression caused by bilateral damage to olfactory bulbs, and applications in preparation of medicines treating depression caused by high-concentration NO. The capsule plays an anti-depression role by inhibiting activity of iNOS, reducing the NO level and inhibiting cell apoptosis. In addition, the capsule protects brain tissues by balancing an oxidation and anti-oxidation system, and plays a role of protecting nerves, thus achieving anti-depression effects.

The invention belongs to the technical field of animal model construction, and relates to a method for establishing a radiation-induced depression rat animal model. According to the method, an anesthetized rat olfactory bulb is damaged by radiating the olfactory bulb, so that the depression rat animal model is established. The method for establishing the radiation-induced depression rat animal model can be used for establishing the depression rat animal model, which is short in period, low in cost, simple and convenient to operate, good in reproducibility and remarkable in depression effect, and the problems of high animal death rate, poor healing, uneven effects and the like caused by a traditional olfactory bulb removal surgery modeling process are avoided.

The system includes five components: (1) a sensor array, (2) a processor, (3) a transmitter, (4) a receiver-stimulator, and (5) an implantable electrode array. The olfactory implant system generates odor fingerprints by detecting odors with an array of chemical sensors and then transmitting variable spatio-temporal stimulation patterns for an electrode array with electrode stimulating points positioned at different locations in the olfactory cortex (e.g., stimulating the olfactory bulb). Different patterns of activity in the olfactory cortex are thereby generated which mimic the sense of smell in a subject. Once trained the system should be usable by a subject to detect or correctly identify one or more odors.

Alzheimer's disease is a neurological disorder marked by progressive memory and cognitive impairments that eventually result in death. Currently, there are no effective therapies or cures that slow or halt the relentless progression of Alzheimer's disease. The invention teaches that the underlying mechanism responsible for the initiation of Alzheimer's disease is due to the insufficient flow of cerebrospinal fluid through apertures in the cribriform plate. The cribriform plate is a flat bony structure at the top of the nasal cavity directly below the olfactory bulbs. Naturally occurring apertures in the cribriform plate provide conduits for cranial nerve 1 fibers passing from the olfactory epithelium below, into the olfactory bulb above. Cerebrospinal fluid in the extracellular compartment above seeps through these apertures and into the nasal submucosa below, where it is removed by lymphatic vessels. This outflow allows cerebrospinal fluid to flow into the olfactory bulbs from continguous brain structures that include the basal forebrain and medial temporal lobe. Cerebrospinal fluid flow along this route removes metabolites and debris from those regions of the brain, including factors that accumulate in the early stages of Alzheimer's disease. Obstructions of cribriform plate apertures reduce or stop this outflow of cerebrospinal fluid, resulting in the accumulation of plaques and tangles and other Alzheimer's disease related pathologies. The invention teaches that patients with Alzheimer's disease and other forms of dementia can be treated by inserting shunts that facilitate the outflow of cerebrospinal fluid from an area above the cribriform plate to other parts of the body including but not limited to other regions of the brain, the nasal submucosa, the peritoneal cavity, and the pleural cavity. It provides a method of treating any patient in need thereof for neurological or psychiatric disease. The invention teaches how shunts can be configured and implanted with two independent claims and five dependent claims.