The invention discloses a micro/nano satellite measure and control communication integral transmitting and receiving system and a realization method thereof. The method comprises the following steps: 1) uplink signal processing: 11) receiving and processing radio-frequency signals to obtain analog intermediate-frequency signals; and 12) carrying out analog to digital conversion and digital underlocking on the analog intermediate-frequency signals and dividing into two paths of uplink digital intermediate-frequency signals, namely, one path of the signals is sent to a satellite-mounted computer by QPSK (quadrate phase shift keying) demodulation and uplink protocol processing so as to finish uplink data transmission, and the other path of the signals is subjected to the PM (phase modulation) demodulation to obtain side sound signals and PSK (phase shift keying) remote signals, and the PSK remote signals are subjected to BPSK (binary phase shift keying) demodulation to convert into a remote control command which is sent to the satellite-mounted computer so as to finish the remote control; and 2), downlink signal processing: 21), acquiring two paths of data from the satellite-mounted computer and a storage unit, namely, one path of data which is subjected to downlink protocol processing, BPSK modulation, combination with the side sound signals and downlink measure and control carrier PM modulation is combined with the other path of data which is subjected to the downlink protocol processing and the QPSK modulation to enter a satellite-ground radio-frequency emission channel; and 22) converting into radio-frequency signals to finish the remote measure and the downlink data transmission.