The invention relates to a fractional order differential compensation type VSG control method, which comprises the following steps: S1. In a closed-loop control loop of VSG grid-connected output active power Pout, a fractional-order differential compensation forward channel is added, wherein the fractional-order differential order is u, so that a closed-loop zero point is added on a closed-loop transfer function G1(s) of the VSG grid-connected output active power Pout, and the position of a closed-loop pole is changed, so as to obtain a closed-loop transfer function G3(s) of the fractional order differential compensation type VSG grid-connected output active power Pout, wherein u is more than or equal to 0 but less than or equal to 1;S2,.An improved biogeography optimization algorithm (IBBO) is used to solve the optimal u, and then an optimal closed-loop transfer function G3(s) is obtained. According to the invention, by adding the closed-loop zero point and introducing the adjustableparameter u at the same time, the contradiction between the dynamic performance and the steady-state performance adjustment of the VSG is decoupled, namely the steady-state performance of the system is ensured to be unchanged, and meanwhile, the degree of freedom of the dynamic performance of the system is increased by changing the position of the zero pole, and the dynamic performance of the active power is improved.