The invention discloses a road sign recognition system and method. The road sign recognition system comprises a road sign recognition device and a server, wherein the road sign recognition device comprises a control module, a display module, a human-machine interaction module, a computer mode recognition module, a memory module, an image fusion module and a communication module, wherein the display module, the human-machine interaction module, the computer mode recognition module, the memory module, the image fusion module and the communication module are respectively connected with the control module, and the communication module is connected with the server through a wireless network. When the road sign recognition system and method are adopted, characters in an actual road sign can be translated according to a languish set by a user, the translated characters are fused in an image of the road sign to be displayed, therefore the defect of markup information of the road sign due to languish barrier is overcome.