The invention belongs to the technical field of radiation dose estimation and analysis, and discloses an enamel radiation dose prediction method and system, a storage medium and a terminal. Sampling points which are the same as the prepared BGS substrate and the prepared RIS substrate are selected, and an EPR spectrogram value on a corresponding point of the to-be-predicted sample is obtained; performing noise reduction processing on the EPR spectrogram of the current to-be-predicted sample by using fast Fourier transform; solving the RIS intensity of the to-be-predicted sample through the improved matrix; and according to the linear dose response relationship, obtaining a radiation dose value of the to-be-predicted sample. According to the method, the calculated amount is equal to that of an original matrix method, new model parameters are not introduced, the number of the parameters is small, the fitting effect is good, the fitting error is smaller than 1%, EPR enamel dose estimation of a lower dose can be achieved, and in a low-dose area smaller than 0.3 Gy, the difference between the calculated irradiation dose value and a true value is smaller than or equal to 16%.