The invention discloses a monocular vision-based lane line detection and tracking method. The method comprises the following steps of: A, image acquisition; B, image preprocessing; C, detecting whether the image is a first frame image, if yes, sending the image into a first frame image lane line detection module, and if not, sending the image into a tracking process lane line detection module; andD, detecting output results of the first frame image lane line detection module and the second frame image lane line detection module, determining whether the first frame image lane line detection module and the second frame image lane line detection module are the last frames, if yes, ending, and if not, returning to the tracking process lane line detection module for reprocessing. According tothe invention, the research work of lane line detection can be completed. And the lane line detection tracking work of the video stream is completed, and the real-time performance and robustness of the video stream are verified.