73 results about "Ecosystem services" patented technology

A method of calculating an ecosystem services index score, comprising: receiving area of interest information from a user of an ecosystem services index calculating system; assigning an ecoaddress to the area of interest by a processor of the system; retrieving ecosystem services information about the area of interest from at least one database; retrieving ecosystem services information about the area of interest on at least one scale size larger or smaller than the area of interest from at least one database; and, deriving a multi-scale ecosystem services index score blending the retrieved ecosystem services information about the area of interest.

The invention discloses a tending method for promoting western sichuan subalpine natural secondary forest to restore by utilizing reserved trees. The method comprises the following steps: S1, selecting abies faxoniana, dragon spruce, hemlock, red birch and white birch as target tree species which need restoring in the secondary forest; S2, selecting the reserved trees; when the target tree species are the abies faxoniana, the dragon spruce or the hemlock, controlling the diameters at breast heights of the reserved trees to be more than or equal to 25cm; when the target tree species are the red birch or the white birch, controlling the diameters at breast heights of the residual trees to be more than or equal to 35cm; S3, dividing the restoration stage of the natural secondary forest according to the importance value of dominant tree species of community, wherein the restoration stage of the natural secondary forest is divided into a bushwood stage, a birch broad-leaved forest stage and a mixed broadleaf-conifer forest stage; S4, tending at the bushwood stage, tending at the birch broad-leaved forest stage and tending at the mixed broadleaf-conifer forest stage. In the restoration process of the western sichuan subalpine natural secondary forest, the reserved trees are fully utilized to tend and manage the secondary forest, so that the adverse effects of felling to the service function of a forest ecosystem can be slowed down, update is promoted, and the time for enabling the secondary forest to be restored into a forest after felling is shortened.

A southern ion rare earth waste tailing vegetation restoring method is characterized in that different vegetations are planted on an ion rare earth waste tailing in a match mode to form a vegetation restoring combination. Ecological landscape and ecological system service functions of a waste land are restored by using the match and combination of different plants, the vegetation coverage is increased and the biodiversity index of a restored area is improved.

The invention relates to en ecological element processing method and system for a complex ecological coastal zone. The method is characterized by obtaining image data of a target complex ecological coastal zone through multi-source remote sensing and processing the image data; then, carrying out coastline classified extraction according to different types of coasts, and extracting coverage comprising vegetation, rivers and artificial coastline surfaces; and finally, according to land utilization degree grade proposed based on ecological perspective and each coverage type ecosystem service variation contribution rate, defining elements having positive ecological contribution and positive ecosystem service values as positive ecological elements and defining elements having negative ecological contribution and negative ecosystem service values as negative ecological elements to construct a coastal zone ecological element classification system. According to the land utilization degree grade proposed based on ecological perspective and each coverage type ecosystem service variation contribution rate, the system and method can fully improve difference of the element classification system in artificial intervention degree in the coastal zone ecological environment study, and help to analyze coastal zone variation characteristics more objectively.

The invention discloses a method for comprehensively evaluating an ecosystem service of an artificial wetland. The method comprises the following steps of: A, establishing a target, evaluation criteria and an evaluation index of each criterion; B, establishing a scoring questionnaire of a step analysis judgment matrix for the comprehensive evaluation of the ecosystem service of the artificial wetland to form a criterion layer and an index layer; C, calculating a relative importance weight of the criterion layer relative to a target layer and a relative importance weight of the index layer relative to the criterion layer; D, calculating importance weights of a lowest layer and a highest layer and inspecting a calculation result; E, tracking and monitoring the characteristic of each index of the index layer and evaluating an original numerical value of each index; and F, multiplying the importance weight of general ranking in the step D by the fuzzy membership of the index obtained by the step E to obtain the comprehensive evaluation index situation of the ecosystem service of the artificial wetland. The method can conveniently, deeply and fully analyze all values of the ecosystem service of the artificial wetland. Guidance and basis are provided for design, optimization, construction, operation and management.

A construction method of a coastal zone ecological safety evaluation model comprises the steps of collecting index data; generating an index year spatial distribution map; calculating an ecosystem service value; constructing an ecological safety evaluation index system covering a physical index, a pollution index and a social-economical index of a coastal zone; performing standardization processing on the index of each year by different methods; partitioning an ecological safety index; calculating the ecological safety index by an equal weight method; and disclosing an influence mechanism of land activity on a coastal zone ecosystem service function and regional ecological safety and a spatial and temporal variation rule of the ecological safety, and screening a main factor affecting the coastal zone ecological safety. The method is simple and objective and is high in repeatability, the influence mechanism of land activity on the coastal zone ecosystem service function and the ecological safety and the spatial and temporal variation rule of the ecological safety are disclosed, the current state of the coastal zone ecological safety can be accurately and scientifically evaluated, and reliable theory and technical support are provided for constructing a coastal zone ecological safety early-warning mechanism and achieving ecological safety management.

On the basic of theories such as landscape ecology and ecological service functions, methods such as a landscape pattern analytical method, an ecosystem service evaluation method and a landscape ecological function network simulation method are adopted, through determining technology of corridor and node positions, a heat island control pattern, a water resource protecting and flood detection pattern and a geological disaster safety protection pattern are overlaid, a critical area (such as an existing large-scale ecological plaque) and a critical node (such as an existing ecological plaque which needs to be reformed or newly built) in an ecological security pattern are judged, a critical position which needs to be ecologically built or adjusted and a sequence are obtained, the degree of importance of critical points can be calculated through plaque important indexes, integration and model optimization of technology of construction of the urban-rural integration ecological security pattern are carried out, and an ecosystem service and urban-rural spatial arrangement are linked.

The invention discloses ecological restoration methods for difficult-standing low-efficiency wind break forests and particularly relates to an ecological restoration method for a low-efficiency wind break forest of a coastal hill ridge of East Zhejiang province. According to the method, by using the characteristic that overgrown evergreen broad-leaved tree species is dense in tree crown, the overgrown evergreen broad-leaved tree species provides shading and wind shelter for undergrown young trees, and thus, an uneven-aged multi-layer crossed colony with complete structure and efficient windproof function, which takes an objective function species as a main body ingredient, is rapidly built; and through the measures of thinning, objective function wood replanting, tending of woods, later-stage management and the like, the regional windproof objective function species can rapidly settle and grow, so that the stand structure, species configuration and site conditions are improved, a positive succession process of stands is promoted, and ecosystem service functions such as wind proofing are remarkably improved. Compared with the existing traditional technologies, the method has the advantages of easiness in building, small investment, high restoration speed, high colony structure layer, high biomass accumulation speed and superior wind breaking performance and has a broad application prospect in the ecological restoration of the difficult-standing low-efficiency wind break forests of coastal hills of the East Zhejiang province.

The invention discloses an urbanization regional ecological safety pattern assessment method, and belongs to the technical field of urban ecological environment. The evaluation method comprises the following steps: establishing an urbanization region evaluation basic spatial database, performing initial assignment and spatial hooking on an ecological system service, and performing multistage correction on the ecological system service; performing data normalization processing and weighted calculation to obtain an ecological safety comprehensive index; and based on this, performing ecological safety level evaluation including ecological safety level judgment, ecological safety pattern analysis, ecological safety scene comparison and ecological safety optimization decision. Based on a unified urbanization regional land utilization classification standard of urban and rural land, the urbanization regional ecological safety pattern evaluation method coupling territorial space elements and ecological system service potential is established from a territorial space 'element-quality-pattern-process-service' cascade relationship, and technical supports such as simulation prediction, evaluation analysis and auxiliary decision making can be provided for construction and optimization of an urbanized regional ecological security pattern.

The invention discloses a method for purifying an eutrophic water body by using aquatic animals, plants and microorganisms; aquatic plankton is cultivated beforehand, and the following steps are carried out: a predetermined number of the cultivated aquatic plankton is put in a target water domain; the water body is kept in a transparent state as the aquatic plankton eat blue-green algae in the target water domain and restrain the regrowth of the blue-green algae; submerged plants in the target water domain are recovered to keep the water body in a stable clear state; engonus aquatic animals are poured in the target water domain to reinforce the water body biology diversity; and the ecologic stability of the water body at present is maintained. In the method for purifying the eutrophic water body by using the aquatic animals, plants and microorganisms, the ecologic method is used for forming an excellent water ecosystem to recover the service functions of the original ecosystem.

The invention provides an urban ecological safety spatial pattern model construction method. The method comprises the steps that S1, a state-space method is utilized to analyze the safe state of ecological space of a target city to obtain a first analysis result; S2, an ecosystem service function is utilized to analyze the service ability of the ecological space of the target city to obtain a second analysis result; S3, a geographic information system is utilized to analyze network performance of the ecological space of the target city to obtain a third analysis result; and S4, an urban ecological safety spatial pattern model of the target city is constructed according to the first analysis result, the second analysis result and the third analysis result. The urban ecological safety spatial pattern model construction method has the advantages of high reliability and visualization.

The invention belongs to the technical field of ecological functional areas, and particularly relates to a three-generation space optimization method based on external ecological function positioning,which comprises the following steps: (1) simulating a three-generation space quantity structure, wherein the three-generation space quantity structure is constructed by taking maximum ecological system service value as a target according to national key ecological function area requirements, and is obtained through a gray linear programming model; (2) configuring a three-generation space pattern;constructing a MLP-CA model by combination of multi-layer neural network and cellular automaton,wherein the model comprises two modules, namely a training module and a simulation module; in the training module, the trained network is utilized to automatically obtain internal conversion rules, the external conversion rules are superposed, and then the conversion rules are input into the simulationmodule to complete the three-generation space simulation operation process. According to the method, three-generation space optimization under ecological function positioning is highlighted, and synchronization of three-generation space quantity simulation and pattern configuration is realized.

The invention relates to a forest ecosystem service value calculation and evaluation method and device. The method comprises the steps that classifiying forests according to forest land type characteristics; calculating a forest byproduct value, a conservation water source value, a carbon fixation and oxygen release value, a nutrient substance circulation value, an air purification value, a conservation soil value and a biodiversity value of each forest land type; and finally calculating to obtain the forest ecosystem service value. The present and past forest ecosystem service values can be evaluated through the forest ecosystem service value, and the future development trend of the forest ecosystem service value can be predicted.

The invention discloses a method for evaluating the service function of a wetland ecosystem, which relates to a method for evaluating the service function. The invention solves the problems of the existing method for evaluating a wetland that as obtained function indexes cannot be combined into an overall wetland function score, the overall wetland function cannot be determined. The method comprises the following steps of: establishing a hierarchical structure model by using a hierarchical analysis method, constructing a judgment matrix, performing a single hierarchical sequencing and an overall hierarchical sequencing by combining an expert evaluating method, and performing a consistency check to realize the evaluation of the wetland ecosystem service function. Aiming at the overall wetland evaluation, the method screens indexes for evaluating the wetland function and constructing an index system for comprehensively evaluating the wetland and evaluates the service function of the wetland ecosystem, thereby determining the overall wetland function. The method has a certain instructive significance for the wetland monitoring and current wetland investigation of China.

The invention discloses an ecological security pattern construction method based on machine learning. The method particularly includes the steps: S1 setting up a project; S2 collecting data; S3 building a model; S4 performing analysis according to the model built in the step S3, and taking humanistic sociology and ecological environmental science as analysis bases; S5 constructing an ecological network of an ecological land utilization process; S6 determining critical areas and critical nodes according to analysis results of the step S4, taking ecological conditions and humanity conditions asbases to judge a sequential optimizing order of the critical areas and the critical nodes, and building relations among business ecosystem services and urban-rural spatial arrangement. According to the urban-rural ecological security pattern construction method, the ecosystem services and the urban-rural spatial arrangement are connected. By a uniform systematized pattern construction method, useof workers is facilitated, and a constructed frame is clear.

The invention discloses an eucalyptus forest culture and management method capable of coordinating timber production and other ecological system services. The method includes the steps of firstly, selecting an area, a forest and tree species suitable for forest culture and management; secondly, using eucalyptus as the short-cycle management tree species and precious tree species as the long-cyclemanagement tree species to perform hybrid planting afforestation; thirdly, performing ecological forest culture and management. The method has the advantages that foreign fast growing tree species arecombined with local precious tree species, and timber production and other ecological system services are coordinated; the short-cycle tree species and the long-cycle tree species are planted in thesame forest at the same time, three short rotations of 6-10 years is included, the timber productivity of the short-cycle fast growing tree species is kept unchanged, and the ecological system servicequality of the long-cycle local precious tree species is kept unchanged; in the forest culture and management cycle, the short cycle tree species satisfies common timber use requirements, and the long-cycle tree species provides high-value precious timber.

The invention aims to provide a zoning method with quantification in an overall process for intelligently recognizing zoning boundaries of ecologic system service functions, namely a dynamic zoning method for the ecologic system service functions (SIZES), which mainly comprises the following steps: S1, acquiring characterization index data of multisource ecologic system service functions; S2, converting the characterization index data of the ecologic system service functions into a 1km raster data format; S3, establishing a layer type characterization index system model of the ecologic system service functions; S4, generating a sequence matrix of the ecologic system service functions by a factor analysis model embedded in the SIZES; S5, extracting core ecologic system service functions by a principal component estimation method embedded in the SIZES; S6, recognizing the zoning boundaries of the ecologic system service functions by a space fuzzy clustering model embedded in the SIZES; and S7, carrying out cartographic generalization on the zoning boundaries of the ecologic system service functions, and outputting a two-dimensional or three-dimensional diagram of a uniformity unit of the ecologic system service functions.

The invention discloses a close-to-nature restoration method for a bird habitat in a waste sand yard in a cold region. The close-to-nature restoration method comprises the following implementation steps: 1) function division; 2) landform modification; 3) sand transformation; and 4) vegetation recovery. The method fully utilizes the bottom material and the geomorphologic characteristics of the waste yard, the close-to-nature restoration technique system of function division, landform modification, sand transformation and vegetation recovery is adopted, and the restoration of the service function of a river water ecosystem is promoted from the point of view of ecological integrity. The method reduces the ecological restoration difficulty of the sand yard, accelerates the restoration speed, is low in cost, has a good environmental benefit, and can be widely applied to the close-to-nature restoration of the bird habitat in the waste sand yard in the cold region, particularly the Songhua river basin.

The invention discloses an ecological security pattern recognition method fusing landscape indexes and a random walk model, which comprises the following steps: evaluating each ecological system service function based on an InVEST model, classifying into five levels according to a natural discontinuity point method, extracting a fourth-level range and a fifth-level range as high-value areas of ecological system services, and performing equal weight superposition on the high-value areas to obtain an result, the result being the ecological system service high-value area range; based on the land utilization type data, performing MSPA analysis by using a GuidosToolbox software platform, and extracting landscape elements of the core area from a result; taking an intersection of landscape elements of the ecological system service high-value area and the core area, wherein the intersection is an ecological source alternative area; through trend analysis, selecting a minimum area threshold value of the ecological source land which is most suitable for the research area. The invention provides a new ecological security pattern recognition system of 'recognizing an ecological source, constructing an ecological resistance surface, extracting an ecological corridor and selecting a key ecological node , so that the defects of an existing research normal form and a technical system are overcome.

The present invention proposes a method and a system for quantitatively associating a landscape pattern with an ecosystem service function. The method comprises: classifying the land cover type of a target area; and according to the to-be-evaluated ecosystem service function in the target area, evaluating spatial distribution results of the matter amount corresponding to the ecosystem service function in the target area; creating a grid layer of the target area; determining a landscape pattern feature value corresponding to each grid cell in the layer and a matter amount value corresponding tothe ecosystem service function, wherein the landscape pattern feature value is the ratio of the area occupied by the composition of the land cover type to the area occupied by each composition in thegrid cell, and the matter amount value is the average value of the spatial distribution results of the matter amount within the grid cell; and according to the landscape pattern feature value corresponding to each grid cell and the matter amount value, analyzing the quantitative relationship between the landscape pattern and the ecosystem service function. According to the method and system provided by the present invention, the quantitative association between the landscape patterns of different ecosystems and the ecosystem service functions can be effectively and accurately revealed.

An accounting method to measure ecological value (or measurement of functional performance) of a particular site that divides the site into individual map units as determined by the number of substantially homogenous habitats found at the site. Habitat functions are determined per individual map unit. Performance indicators, such as habitat structures, physical and biological features, and other components, are identified and collected according to predefined ranges in the field or from actual site data. The values of performance indicators are assessed or scored based on collected data using look-up tables to create an indicator of functional performance. The indicator of functional performance is inputted into formulas to derive a measurement of functional performance at the individual map unit and the overall site. The accounting method of the present invention can also calculate ecological change at a particular site by calculating initial or baseline site values and a projected future value based on a particular projected modification (e.g., restoration or development) at the site and effects the modification may have over a period of time (e.g., 20 years). The difference between the future and the baseline values, whether a credit (uplift) or debit (impact or site degradation), can then be used in diverse applications, such as mitigation banking, ecological exchanges, registries, or as part of business or government decision / policy making.

The invention relates to a marsh wetland ecosystem service function value evaluation method, aiming to solve the problems that existing marsh wetland ecosystem service functions cannot be monetized precisely and cannot be compared and analyzed under an objective and uniform criterion. The marsh wetland ecosystem service function value evaluation method includes the specific steps of firstly, acquiring marsh wetland carbon sequestration value; secondly, acquiring marsh wetland greenhouse gas emission loss value; thirdly, acquiring marsh wetland water resource conservation function value; fourthly, acquiring marsh wetland purifying function value; fifthly, evaluating biodiversity maintenance function value of a marsh wetland ecosystem so as to obtain marsh wetland biodiversity maintenance function value; sixthly, summing up the value from the first step to the fifth step under the uniform criterion in the same year so as to obtain a total value quantity of the marsh wetland ecosystem service functions. The marsh wetland ecosystem service function value evaluation method is used for the field of evaluation of the marsh wetland ecosystem service functions.

The invention provides a field litter layer thickness measuring device and a field litter layer thickness measuring method. The field litter layer thickness measuring device comprises a measuring rod and a measuring tube, wherein the top end of the side wall of the measuring rod is provided with a graduated scale ruler, the lower end of the measuring rod is provided with a mark post, the measuring tube sleeves the measuring rod, a clearance slot is formed in the side wall of the measuring tube, the mark post is arranged in the clearance slot in a sliding manner, and the upper part of the measuring tube is provided with a fixed button. The field litter layer thickness measuring device and the field litter layer thickness measuring method can solve the problem of large errors in field litter layer thickness measurement in the prior art, and is of important significance to realize the ecosystem service functions of litters in water and soil conservation, water resource conservation and the like.

The invention relates to an MCR city expansion simulation method with optimized ecosystem service value, an MCR minimum cumulative resistance model is applied to city expansion simulation, and city expansion simulation oriented by ecosystem service value optimization is realized through optimization of a traditional weight definite value and a scenario simulation method. The expansion model can simulate the urban expansion simulation scene under the optimization of the service value of the ecosystem according to objective data and a statistical method, so that the simulation result of the model can reappear, and meanwhile, the quantitative evaluation of the value optimization level can be carried out.

The invention discloses a karst region territorial space development suitability evaluation method and system, and the method comprises the steps: building a territorial space development suitabilityevaluation index system of a karst region, wherein first-level indexes comprise resources, environments, disasters and ecology, each first-level index comprises a plurality of second-level indexes, and the resources comprise agricultural production conditions, urban construction conditions and water resources, the environment comprises agricultural production environment conditions and urban construction environment conditions, the disasters comprise agricultural meteorological disasters and geological disasters, and the ecology comprises ecosystem service and ecological sensitivity; decomposing each second-level index into a plurality of third-level indexes; determining the weight of each three-level evaluation index by using an expert scoring method, and performing weighted average by using a comprehensive index method to obtain an evaluation result of each two-level index; and calculating an agricultural production suitability evaluation result, an urban construction suitability evaluation result and an ecological protection importance evaluation result according to each secondary index evaluation result.

The invention discloses a calculation and risk judgment method for a service dominance degree of a local ecological system. The calculation and risk judgment method comprises the following steps: on the research basis of service consumption of an ecological system, calculating ecological system service provided by ecological system functions in an area and corresponding service consumption essential for living of human beings inside the area, establishing a local ecological system service dominance degree model, taking the ecological system endurance capability and the sustainable developmentpotential into account, judging a service dominance degree threshold which can affect the risks of the ecological system by using a positive / negative bidirectional watershed algorithm, quantitativelypre-judging the risk degree of the ecological system, and performing degree quantitative analysis upon the ecological system service risk situations according to calculation results. The evaluation conclusions of ecological system service are highly related to natural environment data and social economic data of an evaluated area, reasonable utilization of local ecological resources is effectivelyinstructed, excessive consumption of ecological resources is warned in advance, and disordered damage of social economic activities to ecological environments is avoided.

The invention relates to a method for rapidly recovering vegetation of wasteland. The method uses deep ditching and shallow covering ways to sow awnless brome on the wasteland, and the awnless brome is managed and protected for 2-3 years to achieve vegetation recovery. The method has few actual operation steps, and is simple and feasible, low in cost, low in energy consumption, simple in process, and fast in effectiveness, and is convenient for practical application and popularization. After the technology is applied, vegetation coverage is high, and restoration effect is stable. Using the method to restore vegetation of the wasteland, the vegetation of the wasteland can be rapidly established in a short time, to form effective earth's surface cover degree. The method prevent soil nutrient from running off with water-wind erosion, increases soil, retains fertilizer and soil fertility, and reduces soil moisture evapotranspiration, increases water-holding capacity, and conserves water, so as to establish a friendly ecological environment in which wasteland vegetation covers effectively in a long time and ecosystem service function continuously develops.

The invention discloses an ecological restoration space identification method and system based on an ecosystem service perspective, and the method comprises the steps: selecting ecosystem services taking water conservation, wind prevention and sand stabilization, soil maintenance and carbon fixation as the leading, and obtaining the ecosystem service evaluation amount of an evaluation time periodof a specified region; dividing the designated area into a plurality of grids, and determining the ecosystem service reverse conversion probability and loss level of each grid according to the ecosystem service evaluation amount of each evaluation time period, thereby forming an ecological risk evaluation result of each grid; obtaining the land degradation evaluation result of each grid based on the trend test analysis of the year-by-year normalized vegetation index (NDVI) of the evaluation time period; and averaging the ecological risk evaluation result and the land degradation evaluation result of each grid to obtain an ecological restoration priority evaluation result of the grid. According to the method, the key area of the ecological restoration project can be identified, and an ecological protection restoration scheme can be finely formulated.

The invention discloses a grassland ecosystem service value evaluation method. The method comprises the following steps: clarifying differences among high-coverage grassland ecosystems, medium-coverage grassland ecosystems and low-coverage grassland ecosystems; establishing a grassland ecological service classification system according to the grassland type and the service function type of the grassland type, and drawing an energy flow graph; calculating a direct value, an indirect value and an existing value of the grassland ecosystem by using an energy value analysis method; calculating grassland classification management indexes; and performing partition management based on the grassland classification management index. The grassland ecosystem service value evaluation framework and methodology are constructed based on energy value analysis, the method has the advantages of being high in evaluation accuracy and rationality, and the grassland ecosystem service value obtained through calculation can provide a certain scientific basis for grassland protection and management and establishment and perfection of an ecological compensation mechanism.

The invention relates to the field of ecological protection, in particular to a method for delimiting urban-scale ecological red lines. The invention discloses a method for delimiting the urban-scale ecological red line. Starting from the center of the city, taking the circular area with increasing radius as the research object, it is found that the proportion of the area where the ecological system service is extremely important is greater than that of the overall urban research area. The area that is higher than the average value is designated as the ecological protection red line area. The present invention can calculate an ecological red line that is concrete, feasible, easy and quick to operate, highly visualized, and can roughly represent urban development, and can roughly evaluate the encroachment of areas with high importance to ecosystem services by the development and expansion of cities at the present stage To grasp the bottom line of ecological protection of a city's development from a macro perspective.