35 results about "Gene duplication" patented technology

Methods of detecting a candidate genetic anomaly such as a candidate duplication in a genome are disclosed. The methods comprise quantifying fluorogenic assays for alleles of a genetic locus from a plurality of individual genomes, identifying ranges of fluorescent intensities indicative of individual genomes homozygous for a first allele, homozygous for a second allele, or heterozygous for both alleles, and identifying individual genomes in which the fluorescence intensities are outside the range of intensities indicative of homozygosity or heterozygosity for the genetic locus.

A method of regulating the activity of human cytochrome P450 isozyme CYP2A6 to control nicotine metabolism or decrease to production of carcinogens from procarcinogens, such as those present in tobacco smoke, in an individual by selectively inhibiting CYP2A6. Various prophylactic (i.e., prevention and treatment) compositions and methods are also described, including an improved oral nicotine composition and method comprising the use of nicotine together with an inhibitor of the CYP2A6 enzyme. Furthermore, it has been discovered that the presence in an individual of a mutant allele of human cytochrome P450 enzyme CYP2A6 (referred to throughout this specification as “CYP2A6” for brevity) is predictive of an individual who: (i) has a decreased risk of becoming a smoker, (ii) will smoke less if he / she becomes dependent, and / or (iii) may be at relatively lower risk for cancer due to both decreased smoke exposure and decreased CYP2A6-mediated activation of tobacco smoke and other procarcinogenic substrates. This invention provides diagnostic methods for predicting tobacco dependence risk and risk for cancers related to CYP2A6 substrates in an individual by analysing for the presence of a mutant genotype for human cytochrome P450 enzyme CYP2A6 in an individual, ranging from gene duplication (multiple copies of CYP2A6) to single or even no copies due to null alleles or gene deletion.

The invention relates to a Saccharopolyspora spinosa rhamnose biosynthesis gene duplication engineering strain (S. sp-RM, Saccharopolyspora spinosa) which is collected by China Center for Type Culture Collection on June 8th, 2015, and the culture collection number is CCTCC NO:M2015363. The PCR (polymerase chain reaction) identification result indicates that the plasmid is successfully integrated to the Saccharopolyspora pogona genome. The real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR result indicates that the transcription levels of genes gdh, kre, epi and gtt in the engineering strain are respectively enhanced by 80.3 times, 30.8 times, 23.8 times and 18.3 times as compared with the initial strain. The HPLC (high performance liquid chromatography) detection result indicates that the pleocidin yield of the engineering bacterium S. sp-RM is enhanced by 73% as compared with the initial strain.

A method of regulating the activity of human cytochrome P450 isozyme CYP2A6 to control nicotine metabolism or decrease the production of carcinogens from procarcinogens, such as those present in tobacco smoke, in an individual by selectively inhibiting CYP2A6. Various prophylactic (i.e., prevention and treatment) compositions and methods are also described, including an improved oral nicotine composition and method comprising the use of nicotine together with an inhibitor of the CYP2A6 enzyme. Furthermore, it has been discovered that the presence in an individual of a mutant allele of human cytochrome P450 enzyme CYP2A6 (referred to throughout this specification as 'CYP2A6' for brevity) is predictive of an individual who: (1) has a decreased risk of becoming a smoker, (ii) will smoke less if he / she becomes dependent, and / or (iii) may be at relatively lower risk for cancer due to both decreased smoke exposure and decreased CYP2A6 -mediated activation of tobacco smoke and other procarcinogenic substrates. This invention provides diagnostic methods for predicting tobacco dependence risk and risk for cancers related to CYP2A6 substrates in an individual by analyzing for the presence of a mutant genotype for human cytochrome P450 enzyme CYP2A6 in an individual, ranging from gene duplication (multiple copies of CYP2A6) to single or even no copies due to null alleles or gene deletion.

A method of regulating the activity of human cytochrome P450 isozyme CYP2A6 to control nicotine metabolism or decrease the production of carcinogens from procarcinogens, such as those present in tobacco smoke, in an individual by selectively inhibiting CYP2A6. Various prophylactic (i.e., prevention and treatment) compositions and methods are also described, including an improved oral nicotine composition and method comprising the use of nicotine together with an inhibitor of the CYP2A6 enzyme. Furthermore, it has been discovered that the presence in an individual of a mutant allele of human cytochrome P450 enzyme CYP2A6 (referred to throughout this specification as “CYP2A6” for brevity) is predictive of an individual who: (1) has a decreased risk of becoming a smoker, (ii) will smoke less if he / she becomes dependent, and / or (iii) may be at relatively lower risk for cancer due to both decreased smoke exposure and decreased CYP2A6 -mediated activation of tobacco smoke and other procarcinogenic substrates. This invention provides diagnostic methods for predicting tobacco dependence risk and risk for cancers related to CYP2A6 substrates in an individual by analyzing for the presence of a mutant genotype for human cytochrome P450 enzyme CYP2A6 in an individual, ranging from gene duplication (multiple copies of CYP2A6) to single or even no copies due to null alleles or gene deletion.

Methods of detecting a candidate genetic anomaly such as a candidate duplication in a genome are disclosed. The methods comprise quantifying fluorogenic assays for alleles of a genetic locus from a plurality of individual genomes, identifying ranges of fluorescent intensities indicative of individual genomes homozygous for a first allele, homozygous for a second allele, or heterozygous for both alleles, and identifying individual genomes in which the fluorescence intensities are outside the range of intensities indicative of homozygosity or heterozygosity for the genetic locus.

Novel nucleic acids and polypeptides encoded thereby are provided that are highly duplicated and overexpressed in squamous cell carcinomas of a variety of tissues. Antibodies specific for binding the novel polypeptides are also provided. The invention further discloses several assays for gene duplication and overexpression of the novel gene and excessive production of the novel polypeptide in a sample. These assays permit assessing copy number in a sample from a subject, and contribute to the diagnosis, prognosis and development of therapeutic strategy for a pathology such as squamous cell carcinoma in a subject.

The invention discloses a probe and method for carrying out hybrid capturing on a gene duplication area. The probe is a primer probe with a conserved area beside a target gene duplication area or a specific position in the duplication area as a 3'terminal and with a detecting mark. According to the technical scheme, based on the primer amplification and extension theory, the specificity requirement of primer extension on a sequence, especially a 3' terminal sequence is larger than the specificity requirement of base complementary pairing in hybrid capturing for the sequence, the conserved areabeside the gene duplication area or a relatively specific position in the duplication area is adopted as the 3'terminal with the highest requirement for the specificity of the primer, the primer probe with the detecting mark is designed as the capturing probe, and in combination with a traditional liquid phase hybrid capturing system, the capturing efficiency of the gene duplication area is specifically improved.

Genomic analysis of ovarian cancers demonstrated a regional chromosomal increase in expression and gene duplication. TGF-β stimulation indicated a link between SnoN RNA and TGF-β. In TIOSE, SnoN protein levels were reduced 15 min post TGF-β-stimulation, likely by proteosome-mediated degradation. SnoN inhibition decreased cell growth between 20 and 50% concurrent with increased p21 levels. Stable expression of SnoN led to growth arrest through induction of senescence. Collectively, these results implicate SnoN levels in multiple roles during ovarian carcinogenesis: promoting cellular proliferation in ovarian cancer cells and as a positive mediator of cell cycle arrest and senescence in non-transformed ovarian epithelial cells.

A method of regulating the activity of human cytochrome P450 isozyme CYP2A6 to control nicotine metabolism or decrease to production of carcinogens from procarcinogens, such as those present in tobacco smoke, in an individual by selectively inhibiting CYP2A6. Various prophylactic (i.e., prevention and treatment) compositions and methods are also described, including an improved oral nicotine composition and method comprising the use of nicotine together with an inhibitor of the CYP2A6 enzyme.Furthermore, it has been discovered that the presence in an individual of a mutant allele of human cytochrome P450 enzyme CYP2A6 (referred to throughout this specification as “CYP2A6” for brevity) is predictive of an individual who: (i) has a decreased risk of becoming a smoker, (ii) will smoke less if he / she becomes dependent, and / or (iii) may be at relatively lower risk for cancer due to both decreased smoke exposure and decreased CYP2A6-mediated activation of tobacco smoke and other procarcinogenic substrates. This invention provides diagnostic methods for predicting tobacco dependence risk and risk for cancers related to CYP2A6 substrates in an individual by analysing for the presence of a mutant genotype for human cytochrome P450 enzyme CYP2A6 in an individual, ranging from gene duplication (multiple copies of CYP2A6) to single or even no copies due to null alleles or gene deletion.

The invention discloses application of GW3965 (3-[3-[[[2-chloro-3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]methyl](2, 2)-biphenylethyl)amino]propoxy)phenylacetate hydrochloride) in preparation of drugs treating or preventing hepatitis C virus. A drug without any toxic concentration is chosen for an antiviral experiment, the influence of GW3965 on virus gene duplication is detected, and results show that the small molecule compound has significant antiviral activity and is dose dependent. Then, the GW3965 is employed to treat the hepatitis C pseudovirus system of different gene subtypes, and results show that the compound inhibits the virus entrance link at the early stage of a virus lifecycle. The anti-virus capability of drug combination of GW3965 and other anti-HCV drugs is detected, and results show that the compound has the potential of drug combination with other drugs. GW3965 can inhibit 1a, 1b, and 2a genotype virus entrance, and has broad-spectrum antiviral activity and a novel target, while there is no anti-hepatitis C virus drug with entrance as the target clinically. And drug combination can achieve a good effect.

A method of regulating the activity of human cytochrome P450 isozyme CYP2A6 to control nicotine metabolism or decrease the production of carcinogens from procarcinogens, such as those present in tobacco smoke, in an individual by selectively inhibiting CYP2A6. Various prophylactic (i.e., prevention and treatment) compositions and methods are also described, including an improved oral nicotine composition and method comprising the use of nicotine together with an inhibitor of the CYP2A6 enzyme. Furthermore, it has been discovered that the presence in an individual of a mutant allele of human cytochrome P450 enzyme CYP2A6 (referred to throughout this specification as 'CYP2A6' for brevity) is predictive of an individual who: (1) has a decreased risk of becoming a smoker, (ii) will smoke less if he / she becomes dependent, and / or (iii) may be at relatively lower risk for cancer due to both decreased smoke exposure and decreased CYP2A6 -mediated activation of tobacco smoke and other procarcinogenic substrates. This invention provides diagnostic methods for predicting tobacco dependence risk and risk for cancers related to CYP2A6 substrates in an individual by analyzing for the presence of a mutant genotype for human cytochrome P450 enzyme CYP2A6 in an individual, ranging from gene duplication (multiple copies of CYP2A6) to single or even no copies due to null alleles or gene deletion.

This disclosure provides methods of using a checkpoint kinase 1 (Chk1) inhibitor in the treatment of cancer in a subject having at least an intermediate tumor mutational burden (TMB), or a genetic abnormality in one or more particular genes associated with replicative stress. Accordingly, methods of treating cancer in a subject having at least an intermediate tumor mutational burden (TMB-I) are provided. Also provided are methods of treating cancer in a subject having a genetic abnormality in one or more particular genes selected from cell cycle regulation genes, replication stress genes, oncogenic driver mutations and DNA damage response and repair network genes. Methods of selecting subjects for Chk1 inhibition therapy are provided. The methods can include administering to the subject an effective amount of a SRA737 compound, in some cases in combination with low dose gemcitabine.

An eucaryotic expression system using Giardia virus as gene expression carrier is disclosed, which can be the one using DNA transfection mode and the other using RNA transfection mode. Said Giardia virus can effectively infect its trophont and has lower toxin and more number of copies in gene duplication. Said Giardia is easily cultured. Its advantages are high expression efficiency and no pollution to gene.

The invention discloses a Chinese character gene coding method and system, and a Chinese character gene decoding method and system. The coding method comprises the following steps: obtaining coded information from information to be coded according to a pre-established Chinese character gene coding dictionary database, so that an informosome is generated; respectively producing a positioning zone of an information header and a positioning zone of an information trailer in front of and behind the informosome through a positioning zone coding method; and producing a decoration zone of the information header in front of the positioning zone of the information header, and producing a decoration zone of the information trailer behind the positioning zone of the information trailer. The coding method and system and the decoding method and system provided by the invention have the advantages that commonly-used Chinese character information is stored in biological genes, and can be decoded in ahighly fault-tolerant manner during gene duplication for biological information labeling and tracking, so that the tracking and identification precision and efficiency for plant biological information are improved, and time for analysis and identification can be further greatly reduced.

The invention discloses a kind of appraisal bacterium, specially appraises the monk fungus (Salmonella), produces the uninuclear cell Liszt fungus (Listeria monocytogenes) the examination method. First (YAU_DSL1) separately uses the monk fungus and the backwoods coli the thermal crack solution to withdraw respective DNA template, produces the uninuclear cell Liszt fungus to use the enzyme solution to withdraw the DNA template, then carries on disposable PCR to expand increases the specific many genes, finally passes through the electricity to swim the appraisal. The invention through sample DNA, disposable at the same time to the monk fungus histidine transportation operon gene which possibly has, produces the uninuclear cell hemolysin gene to expand increases (YZU_DSL1) the material particle carries on with the certain existence backwoods coli expands increases, forms the massive genes duplication fragment, quite is convenient, can appraise whether for the monk fungus, produces the uninuclear cell Liszt fungus, and makes the judgement to the negative result reacting system accuracy. The invention more classical method bacterium separation, the appraisal and the blood serum school grades testing method fast, is accurate.